Lessons for China to learn from Ukraine conflict for Taiwan scenario

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ember

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Besides, through NK, China has its own million men, permanently mobilized and ready to go, should it be required to counter invade into the territories of American client states.

NK is already sanctioned and armed with nukes, they could be doing all the dirty work for China. For example getting rid of US sattelite surveillance. Just give NK the technology to de-orbit US satellites. The US can't even retaliate in space because there are no NK assets.
 

ACuriousPLAFan

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From observing the Ukraine situation from 2014 onwards and the war itself, China can learn a few lessons.

First is that Chinese intelligence need to actively and aggressively disrupt major pro-independence figures in Taiwan through any means necessary. That includes bribery, ‘accidents’, interfering in presidential election to make sure KMT wins in 2024. This is better than thousands of deaths once the war starts.

Second is for the PLA to mass produce all existing weapons in extraordinary numbers. Even low cost weapons in huge numbers have proved very effective. It’s complicated to mass produce once the war starts. Having weapons in large numbers is a deterrence in itself.

Third is to rapidly develop and expand ISR and cyber warfare capabilities.
Another key lesson that China must take into account is the absolute importance of maintaining battlefield discipline.

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The video by Liu Xiaofei is only available in Mandarin, which I will sum up his talking points below.

On December 31st 2022, a Ukrainian HIMARS strike against a Russian army base in the Russian-controlled city of Makiivka in Donetsk has resulted in the deaths of more than 80 Russian conscripts.

There are several major points contributing factors to the high death toll suffered by Russian forces in the attack, which were pointed out by several retired Russian military personnel who have massive followers on Telegram (one or two can even 说得上话 with the Kremlin):
1. There are hundreds of Russian conscripts being cramped inside one building at the time of the attack, instead of dispersing them across multiple buildings in different locations around the base;
2. The building itself (and the base) is well within the range of Ukrainian HIMARS attack;
3. The same building is also packed with large amounts of weapons and explosives, which resulted in the building being practically flattened when the HIMARS struck; and
4. Most importantly, many Russian conscripts in the building were making phone calls to their homes, and their commanders have zero awareness of maintaining battlefield secrecy. This allowed Ukraine's electronic warfare unit to easily intercept the phone calls and locate the Russian conscripts' position before launching the HIMARS attack at them.

All of these could have been prevented had the Russian commanders and troops are equipped with high awareness of battlefield discipline, especially when it comes to communication between elements of the military.

These are key points regarding wartime communication that any commanders and higher-ups across the battlefield must understood and implement well for their units across the warzone:
1. Encryption features for communication devices;
2. Reduction of the duration of communication to a minimum;
3. Flexible usage of coded languages for communication;
4. Strict regulation on the contents used for communication;
5. Proper usage of the communication and radar equipment frequencies, etc.

Liu Xiaofei also mentioned that there have been instances where PLA units were caught using actual communication frequencies reserved only for wartime usage. Such violations of battlefield discipline is made worse with American ELINT satellites often flying overhead and RC-135 ELINT aircrafts frequently flying along the Chinese coastline to gather intelligence on the communication and radar equipment frequencies used by the PLA.
 
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theforgotten0007

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Another key lesson that China must take into account is the absolute importance of maintaining battlefield discipline.

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The video by Liu Xiaofei is only available in Mandarin, which I will sum up his talking points below...
Excellent summary, thank you. Indeed Liu brought up some good points, primarily on comms. usage and dispersion which boils down to field discipline.

I briefly touched on the former here, which I feel is generally overlooked given battles during a Taiwan contingency are conducted primarily over air and sea. Frankly, the most shocking part of today's conflict to me is the amount of content coming out of social media and OSINT accounts from both sides. Soldiers should NEVER carry unencrypted devices out to war, let alone engage in social media (like bruh, big tech is a huge spyware). PLAGF or PAP would do well to note the importance of operational secrecy far outweighs the value of propaganda clips/memes.

The other subject of force dispersion is also why I feel commentary on PLAN requirements for more Type 075/076s to conduct successful amphibious operations are sorely mistaken. As the example above of the HIMARS bombarding build-up areas has shown, there's no value in concentrating your force in one tiny area only to risk losing them all with a single blow e.g. mines/LRASM waves.

While it's nice that Dongfengs have gotten Taiwan's anti-ship/air platforms pre-sighted, one can never be too sure. Perhaps some camouflaged pillboxes/TELs may have been overlooked by ISR (US couldn't find Saddam's scuds), or they may be required to measure the value of each targets and take down those with greater ROI.

The more likely scenario of PLA contesting the beach would be sending waves of fast crafts like gunboats and
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to swarm the defence line. Their objective is to drain the defenders carrying small arms and more importantly, buy time for more troops to land on the beach with as cheap an asset as possible. This also forces the defenders to be faced with the same aforementioned dilemma - are they willing to waste Hsiung Feng III missiles on a small boat? Or on a bunch of men? Or on a single saboteur heading to a key location? There's a reason why Normandy landings didn't include armour in the first wave but of course it'll be less bloodier given the proliferation of UAV surveillance and PGMs today.

Second phase would only begin when the beach head is secured for
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, ostensibly assisted by LHAs/LHDs and ROROs. Anything short of full spectrum dominance over land, air and sea within the AO would be a risk to critical assets.
 

Michaelsinodef

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Excellent summary, thank you. Indeed Liu brought up some good points, primarily on comms. usage and dispersion which boils down to field discipline.

I briefly touched on the former here, which I feel is generally overlooked given battles during a Taiwan contingency are conducted primarily over air and sea. Frankly, the most shocking part of today's conflict to me is the amount of content coming out of social media and OSINT accounts from both sides. Soldiers should NEVER carry unencrypted devices out to war, let alone engage in social media (like bruh, big tech is a huge spyware). PLAGF or PAP would do well to note the importance of operational secrecy far outweighs the value of propaganda clips/memes.

The other subject of force dispersion is also why I feel commentary on PLAN requirements for more Type 075/076s to conduct successful amphibious operations are sorely mistaken. As the example above of the HIMARS bombarding build-up areas has shown, there's no value in concentrating your force in one tiny area only to risk losing them all with a single blow e.g. mines/LRASM waves.

While it's nice that Dongfengs have gotten Taiwan's anti-ship/air platforms pre-sighted, one can never be too sure. Perhaps some camouflaged pillboxes/TELs may have been overlooked by ISR (US couldn't find Saddam's scuds), or they may be required to measure the value of each targets and take down those with greater ROI.

The more likely scenario of PLA contesting the beach would be sending waves of fast crafts like gunboats and
Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!
to swarm the defence line. Their objective is to drain the defenders carrying small arms and more importantly, buy time for more troops to land on the beach with as cheap an asset as possible. This also forces the defenders to be faced with the same aforementioned dilemma - are they willing to waste Hsiung Feng III missiles on a small boat? Or on a bunch of men? Or on a single saboteur heading to a key location? There's a reason why Normandy landings didn't include armour in the first wave but of course it'll be less bloodier given the proliferation of UAV surveillance and PGMs today.

Second phase would only begin when the beach head is secured for
Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!
, ostensibly assisted by LHAs/LHDs and ROROs. Anything short of full spectrum dominance over land, air and sea within the AO would be a risk to critical assets.
It should be kind of given that we be seeing waves of missiles attacks along with drones followed by planes above Taiwan, before we really see attempts at landing people on the island.

We might sometime during the above have smaller sleeper groups within Taiwan along with smaller amounts of special forces try to say sabotage and attack/hold positions during that time.

And then afterwards we would maybe see some LHAs/LHDs with frigates/drones etc. providing air defense.
 

H2O

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NK is already sanctioned and armed with nukes, they could be doing all the dirty work for China. For example getting rid of US sattelite surveillance. Just give NK the technology to de-orbit US satellites. The US can't even retaliate in space because there are no NK assets.

But there are Chinese and Russian assets in Space. Remember no plan survives contact with the enemy.
 

bebops

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NK is already sanctioned and armed with nukes, they could be doing all the dirty work for China. For example getting rid of US sattelite surveillance. Just give NK the technology to de-orbit US satellites. The US can't even retaliate in space because there are no NK assets.

Are Elon Musk starlink considered surveillance satellite too? He is goin to have a constellation of tens of thousands of them in space. There will be thousands of them to shoot down
 

BoeingEngineer

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Let's try to have a thread just discussing what the Russians did during this conflict and what can China learn. Please keep nukes and which countries you hate out of this discussion.

I just listened to a shilao podcast on the first day and half of the war and it was quite enlightening as usual. A lot of good topics to think about. I think most of us can agree that China unilterally invading Taiwan right now would be a terrible idea. We also know that China does have its own timeline of when to be ready to invade Taiwan in case things take a wrong turn. So, what are the minimum things that PLA need to do?

To start off, Shilao discussed an exercise PLA had in 2000s where they managed a large scale helicopter operation of Z-9Ws and Mi-17s where Z-9s were performing the escort duties. Basically, the gist is that this lineup of helicopters to assist a beach landing would lead to quite a disaster. Most of the Mi-17s were imported as civilian helicopters and have no armor protection. The Z-9s are extremely light and also have no armor protection. Against any level of Manpad or even high caliber machine guns, the helicopters would suffer huge losses. Which brings us to the currently lineup of Z-10s, Z-20s, Z-8s, and Mi-17. We know that Z-10s have legendarily long range. Z-20s and Z-8s should also be better protected than Mi-17s. However, Z-10s do not have that much armor. It's not a heavy attack helicopter. The amount of armor you see on Z-10ME is probably the most they would ever put on domestic Z-10s. So even though they have a much better protected lineup of helicopters, it's still not great. Their proposal is revisiting the Ka-52 import. They talked about how Ka-52 managed to survive or at least land even after getting struck with missile and the pilots still survived. In early phases of the war, you really need to be able to keep utilizing your helicopters to keep transporting more troops and equipment over the water. The helicopter you have need to keep operating even if it takes a couple of hits. If a Z-10 needs to be out for the rest of the day for repairs after taking some damage in the cockpit, that's a huge problem. The other thing is that you want the helicopter to still be able to make it back to mainland if it gets hit on Taiwan side. With these considerations, a heavy attack helicopters seem to be a huge need for a future campaign. Maybe they can turn Z-20 into an assault helicopter, but it wouldn't be a dedicated attack helicopter. Also, they mentioned that although PLA LH has over 1000 helicopters, they still need more to be able to confidently use them without worrying about taking losses. Again, I think given the outsized importance that helicopters would have in the Taiwan scenario. There is definitely a need for a lot more improvement in their helicopter fleet. That could mean more helicopters or just more capable ones that can survive longer and generate more sorties. I'd think a lot more Z-20s and Z-8Ls and AC-313A military versions are needed for transports.

They also mentioned that Russians really didn't plan their helicopter deployments that well. In the example of the failed attack on the Ukrainian airport on the first day. There really is no excuses not having enough helicopters to rescue the stranded troops afterward. You must plan to have more in reserve in case you take more losses than expected. US military is really good at this. Very rarely do you see America having issues where they do not have enough helicopters when they need item.

The other point they really hammered home is Russia's attempts to control the air space. Again, Ukraine does not have a great air force or air defense, but RuAF could not suppress it. RuAF took out radar stations and probably command centers in the airport, but could not keep runways out of action or even destroy the aircraft hangars. This is a huge indictment on RuAF's inability to sustain operations. They were only performing sorties twice a day. That is really not sufficient to keeping the target air base out of action. In addition, they commented on Russia's lack of success in electronic warfare or SEAD missions. They do not think RuAF improved much in this area since 2008. Again, this is not due to lack of new equipments for RuAF. This points to probably lack of realistic training and slow directions from command centers for additional air raid. In this area, we have seen huge improvements from PLAAF. They've shown a lot of abilities in sustaining large operations into Taiwan ADIZ and controlling Taiwan air space. However, I think for them to really dominate the air space, they will need to be able to ramp this up to an even higher level over a 2 to 3 period in the start of an invasion. To me, that would point to a lot more J-16s and J-20s are needed. They also need to demonstrate ability to raise to an even higher tempo than what they've shown so far. Everything we've seen from PLAAF thus far have been pretty successful. That means they are probably not pushing themselves on these deployments. They have probably tried out these deployments multiples in land before trying them over water. But as they try to improve, I think there is a couple of more levels they can get to. Not just in terms of more sorties and aircraft, but also more joint operations with helicopters and naval ships.

When it comes to SEAD, the podcast also talked about targets in Taiwan that would need to be taken out. They mentioned only 16 major radar stations along with SAMs, 6 E-2K AWACS and naval ships like Kidd class. Those are all things that PLA will need to take out pretty early on or suppress in order to have ROCAF fighting blind. Imo, they will need to continually have EW aircraft presence to not just suppress Taiwan air defense, but also all electric stations, cell towers, internet providers and communication lines. They need to have elint aircraft pick up all communications that Taiwan is having. They need to make sure they can use EW to cut off or confuse Taiwan communications. You should not have things like what we are seeing in Ukraine where people can freely post things from the conflict online. Again, China has made significant progress here, but they need to continue to induct more Y-8/9 EW aircraft + J-16Ds. You cannot demoralize an opponent when they can still communicate with each other and see their head of state performing rally cry.

Another point they mentioned is mobile anti-aircraft solution like Taiwan's Skyguard system. They mentioned how J-16/20 often had more trouble in DACT against HQ-17 rather than HQ-9/S-400, because mobile SAMs can often sneak up on attacking aircraft if they fly predictable routes. To me, this is another major reason they really need a lot more UCAVs. You want your most powerful SEAD aircraft to take out the major air defense systems. However, you still need to clear out the shorter and more mobile air defense system afterward. Helicopters would be in danger against these things. UCAVs with accurate PGMs and high quality sensors would probably be the best tools at tracking these things down and destroying them. Again, I think PLAAF will need to make a lot more investment in this area. These platforms will continue to improve as AI/software technology continue to improve.

Overall, I think there are already a lot of lessons PLA can learn from the Ukraine conflict. There are certain Russian shortcomings in organization, logistics and training that are probably also there with PLA since neither forces have been in large scale conflicts recently. I think they need a lot more joint operations training involving a lot of helicopters, aircraft and amphibious ships and they need to show the ability to support these equipment in forward positions.

One great lesson is to kill all foreign spies, 5th columnists before war in Taiwan break out !!

Russia made this mistake !! Afterward, Putin himself lunched a massive internal campaign to purge !!
 

a0011

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Yes, Taiwan are not Chinese. The 23 million people there means nothing.

Only the island matters for its location !!
with that attitude, forget about AR.

No AR implies you are ready to accept what the Taiwanese want which is formal independence.
With that you better come to terms with the fact that US and its vassals will continue to contain China by using Taiwan's strategic location within the 1st Island Chain.

We can't have it both ways, 23 millions people fucked for a short term or 1.4 billion fucked living like second class citizens under Uncle Sam's watch. This decade is an inflection point. Either China successfully breaks out of US strategic containment or we cope with it due to our cowardice and inability to spill "Chinese blood". The same "Chinese" who at a whim would rather see Japan + US fuck over 1.4 billion of us.

They are not our people. They may look like us, talk like us and eat the same food. But 70 years is a long time for the national psyche to change. Look at what 99 years did to the Hongkongers.

I've been fortunate enough to have lived the majority of my life in the west. Most of my closest friends have Taiwan and Hongkong roots. And trust me they do not see themselves as Chinese. So we should accept this and stop pretending. It only took 23 years for Ukrainians to reject all that is Soviet about them. Time has a unique ability to change people's perspective. However most of Chinese people seem to be stuck in the 1970s and it's our propaganda that will preventing us from acting decisively if it comes to a shooting war.
 

a0011

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I'd also like to add that the notion you can succeed in AR without a massive usage of firepower (think shock and awe in Iraq 2003, hell the Blitz of 1939-40.) is exactly where it all went wrong for Russians in the first week of the war.

Trust me, no Taiwanese will ever welcome the PLA with open arms like the Crimeans with the Russians. Their false belief that 2022 will be a repeat of 2014 is a lesson China needs to learn. Not learning it and using a half assed "soft" approach will cost too many PLA lives. Holding back our superior firepower in an attempt to spare Taiwanese lives will be seen as weakness by the opposition and achieve the opposite effect encouraging them to resist and buying time for US to provide aid. War is not rational or logical, it's very much influenced by human emotions.
 
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