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Key Findings of US Rand Study Report (Another American perspective)

The CCP (they always get this wrong - should be CPC) has experienced long periods of transition between types of political legitimacy. Periods of stability for each type of political legitimacy have tended to last about ten years. According to this pattern, a transition to a new basis of political legitimacy is likely underway or imminent.
The strength of the CCP's revolutionary charisma legitimacy contributed to a dogged fighting style and impressive battlefield resilience in the Korean War. However, repeated policy failures discredited the CCP's revolutionary charisma–based legitimacy.
Although the turn to economic prosperity facilitated the military's embrace of modernization, it has proven a generally inferior substitute for the original Maoist formula in terms of the military's morale and willingness to take major risks and endure losses.
Under Xi, national populism as a type of legitimacy has incentivized the CCP to take more assertive actions to defend the nation's interests but paradoxically also increased its sensitivity to military casualties, which has resulted in a military that is improving its professionalism even as it remains cautious about combat operations.
How the CCP's legitimacy evolves in coming years will profoundly shape the form of military challenge posed by the PLA. The result could be a peer military competitor, but other scenarios are possible. For example, a weakened CCP and PLA could withhold cooperation on shared global security threats and exacerbate the burdens borne by the U.S. military and its allies and partners.

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