Re: Purple Faces
for what it's worth, I've had purple face episodes before - during anaerobic performance benchmarking.
I'm not in swimming so I have no idea how they pace themselves over multi-event or multi-finals in a day but usually purple face episodes come from a really big push into the anaerobic lactic envelope and seriously f**ks you up for the next few hours (lactic acid buildup). If those pics are from their last event of the day or the competition, it could make sense. Go for broke, no thoughts for conservation for next race, it's possible to go into purple face performance territory if your lactic threshold tolerance is good (which they should, being elite athletes).
Which brings up the issue of recovery. Active recovery is critical to flush lactic acid build. I actually had a chat with an Olympics swimmer and the number of kilometers they do for active recovery actually exceeds my training sets - I usually do 50-100 laps (active trg, not counting warm up and cool down) depending on whether it's speed or endurance trg. iirc, he mentioned his cool down (active recovery) were 100~200 laps. IOW, you spend a ton of time in the pool doing active recovery - which is where drug testing regimes again screws up your day. Within a tournament calendar, unless you are only there for 1 event/match, there are very few time slots that do not inconvenience you when you are required to submit a sample, whether it be it 6am, 9am, <insert time here>, post race, post dinner, post whatever.
So again, while we can confidently say the Chinese swimmers are actively being targeted and that there are athletes (and organisations) exploiting loopholes - there is no point focusing on 6am testing slots or purple faces as proof. You will lose any arguments on the interneck using these points as proof. There are too many specific variables that you/we don't know to categorically call it proof.
eg. I wake at 4am, have brekkie, do mobilisation at 5am and am done at 5.45am. 6am-7am is actually free time. If I have a urine sample to give and it's done nicely - the handlers are polite and helpful then no fuss, no muss - it actually not interruptive at all. It fits nicely into my sked.
What is legit proof is the total number of tests per athlete over the same time period. Other than the mandatory sample for medalist - me doing test everyday vs other athletes doing only 1 random test over a 5 day tourney will require some explaining as to how that is fair. You wanna argue, you argue over this point.