Putin is indeed in a disadvantageous position. However, let's not forget one thing. He messed up the war himself by his own political choices dictating military strategy. If he had a proper military, with minimal corruption, sound leaders (certainly not himself!) making military decisions then Russia would have been able to do a strategic turnaround.
You are being unreasonably critical of Putin here.
All wars short of total wars are limited by political considerations. Otherwise things could backfire spectacularly if military commanders were given too much power and freedom to do what they liked. Because newsflash, military commanders are human also, and are not immune from mistakes or personal ambition. Case in point, McAuthor’s vanity and political ambitions influenced many of his battlefield decisions, which then directly resulted in China’s entry into the Korean War.
Rampant corruption was a problem Putin inherited, not caused. Maybe he could have done more to try to get it under control, but this was the same Russian military that did ok in both Georgia and Syria and did an impressive job on the Ukrainians the first time around.
That’s the problem with systematic, institutionalised corruption - its too smart to go overboard and expose itself as a clear and obvious national security threat. Instead it leaves a passable facade that looks fine superficially while it hollows out the centre. The facade will hold up well to most scrutiny and stress testing, it may even hold up fine in real use, but can fail catastrophically when put under significant strain, as has happened in Ukraine 2.0. But that’s not an uniquely Russian problem. Throw any non-US NATO military into a full spectrum war against a near-peer adversary and they will fumble far worse than the Russians. Who, need I remind you, are still winning the war against Ukraine?
I think the biggest mistake Putin made was actually in not involving himself enough in the military modernisation and took too much of what his generals were reporting back to him at face value instead of critically challenging them and testing the fruits of those investments properly.
To us military enthusiasts, we can see potential problems with the way the Russians were blatantly cheating to win tank biathlons, international army games and similar international events and competitions. But it seems Putin didn’t involve himself enough in the details to see past the headline results of the Russian military always coming out on top.
Add on top the fair real-world combat results from recent wars and it’s not unreasonable for him to believe his generals and thus vastly overestimated Russia’s true conventional military strength. Specially the state of its forces beyond the elite special forces and specialist expeditionary formations.
I think it’s no co-incidence that Putin personally ordered and oversaw the recent test launch of their new Sarmat ICBM. The west interpreted that as sabre rattling nuclear brinksmanship, but I think that was Putin quietly taking inventory of the state of his strategic nuclear forces to make sure they are not also as addled by corruption as his conventional forces.
Had a still-in-development new missile failed during tests, it would be embarrassing but somewhat expected. A high profile test of in-service weapons that fail would put Russia’s entire nuclear deterrent in doubt. That’s why Putin didn’t dare wave his nuclear stick to try to dissuade NATO’s escalating weapons supply to Ukraine. I think Putin is genuinely worried his nuclear stick might snap in his hand if he waved it too hard.
However, due to his own decisions, he has messed up. There only is one rule in wars. When you are at a war, you go all-in, instead of this bs war we are witnessing today.
The overall strategy wasn’t terrible. The problems arose because the Russian military fundamentally lacked the capabilities to actually pull off those moves properly.
I think the same applies to this ‘brotherly war’ notion. Now, with hindsight, it looks like less Russia went in pulling its punches and more that this was how hard they could actually punch. Which is a much bigger problem! This is why the Russians had to fundamentally readjust their war strategy and force disposition.
But the thing is, despite all these monumental screw ups, on the grand strategical scale, it’s all only going one way. The Ukrainians are achieving some tactical successes, but they are not able to slow, never mind turn the overall tide of war going against them.