You must have the memory of a goldfish or western media.
Russia tried everything else first, even a preferential trade deal with Ukraine, just like China did with ECFA with Taiwan.
15B euros and 40% natural gas discount is gigantic for Ukraine. The eurobonds alone was 10% of their entire GDP at the time. There is no country in the world that will loan you that.
Ukraine then had a coup, which overthrew president Yakunovich, and turned extremely hostile towards Russia. And Donbass then seceded. Why? Because the ethnic Russians there cannot tolerate rejection of a 10% GDP loan and 40% natural gas discount and further repression of their ethnic identity, when Ukraine was already only at 1/4 Russian GDP per capita in 2014.
It was only then that Russia made it's move on Crimea, where the Ukrainian forces collapsed within hours.
Don't insult goldfish. They're smarter than you are.
22 Feb 2014 - overthrow of Yanukovych
23 Feb 2014 - pro-Ukrainian and pro-Russian protests in Crimea
27 Feb 2014 - unmarked Russian military takes over Crimea, oust the government of Crimea and install pro-Russian administration
1 Mar 2014 - protests begin in Donbas
16 Mar 2014 - referendum on status of Crimea
18 Mar 2014 - Russia annexes Crimea
7 April 2014 - Donetsk People's Republic is proclaimed.
27 April 2014 - Luhansk People's Republic is proclaimed.
I hope you're not stupid enough to debate these dates because these can be verified from Russian sources.
And why was there a "coup" in the first place?
Ukraine under Yanukovych was a failing state with struggling economy and declining standards of living. Yanukovych narrowly won the election for presidency in 2010 (49,55% vs 46,03%, with rampant electoral fraud in the east) and under Ukrainiain constitution nominated Party of Region's Mykola Azarov as Prime Minister for the minority caretaker government despite lack of support in the parliament. In 2012 under changed rules and with the help of more election fraud he gained majority in parliament. In other words
Yanukovych and Party of Regions governed for three years in the lead up to the protests. During those three years there was no improvement of economic condition and corruption was growing. He was not popular and immediately resorted to changing the law to protect his power.
What grew the protests was also not pro-EU position but the opposition to Yanukovych's and Party of Region's use of force against protesters exercising their rights.
Euromaidan began as a relatively small organised protest on 21 Nov 2013 against Yanukovych abandoning association agreement with the EU. The peak of participation was on Sunday but it didn't cross 50 thousand protesters in all the cities. Emboldened by this Yanukovych ordered first attack by Berkut (police) on 30 Nov 2013. That attack caused uproar from people in Kiyv and elsewhere who saw this as an attack against freedom to protest and more people started joining for that specific purpose. The protest grew but slowly.
Yanukovych then ordered another large attack on 11 Dec 2013 with the use of Berkut and Internal Troops which failed again due to the protest growing in number and getting organised. That only outraged people more, support kept growing faster and Euromaidan began to draw in politicians from all over the world. Here's US senator John McCain speaking there four days after the attack:
The agreement with Russia was signed on 17 Dec 2013 as
a move to support Yanukovych who was rapidly losing popularity in the face of his incompetence and brutality. It was not an agreement in the works unless the preparations were made in secret. In fact during 2013 Russia was increasing economic pressure against Ukraine, not helping it. They only helped when their control of the country was threatened.
The agreement did little to help the failing Yanukovych government but he continued to resist. Partly because by that time he was fighting for his own position in the party and refused to back down as not to admit a mistake - the usual strategy of stupid and brutal authoritarian types (see: Assad, Putin etc.).
On 16 Jan 2014 Party of Regions, Communists and "Independents" passed
anti-protest laws which only reinforced the support for Euromaidan, again not so much due to its geopolitical position but against the brutal and corrupt Yanukovych and his government. The dividing line became "EU supports democracy and civil rights and Russia represses them" and after that nothing that Yanukovych could do would help him. He lost his gambit by using force instead of allowing the protest to lose momentum on its own while it was small.
On 28 Jan the Prime Minister Mykola Azarov of Party of Regions resigned. Weakened Yanukovych announced an amnesty bill hoping to resolve the protests but that only encouraged the protesters.They demanded removal of Yanukovych and constitutional reform reverting it to 2004. From there on the situation slowly spiraled out of control until the overthrow of Yanukovych on 22 February.
The removal was conducted by a procedure of questionable legality and personally I view it as a mistake which only aggravated the situation, but it was definitely not a "coup". Note:
[..] In the afternoon [of 22 February], the Rada voted 328–0 (about 73% of the parliament's 450 members) to remove Yanukovych from his post and to schedule an early presidential election for 25 May.[...]
3/4 of Parliament participated in a session and voted unanimously for removal. That was majority sufficient to amend the constitution to make that removal legal. And since the 2012 election Party of Regions had 185 of 450 seats this means that for 328 members to vote for removal of Yanukovych
53 of 185 of Party of Regions members had to vote for removal. That's 28,65% of PoR MPs.
Even that clown in Korea managed to get his entire party to resist the impeachment. How bad was Yanukovych that people from his party voted against him?
The Russians need to grow up and change their archaic view of the world. They also need to cut their cloth according to their size and stop their illusions of being a super power. That war (yes, war) they started will not give them the results they want, instead it galvanized the west against them to their detriment. Even if they take Ukraine tomorrow, what will they really gain from swallowing a large country full of people who don't like them? It's asinine. You have to give people a good reason to want to be in your corner and not force them into it.
Africans will soon learn that they were naive in trusting Russia to deliver them from "colonialist" powers. Russia has no interest in improving the situation of Africa. They directly benefit from increased instability because it weakens both Europe, and MENA through migrations and it increases difficulty for China's expansion. Already in every country that ejected western powers in favour of Russia the situation has already worsened. Russians benefit from this too - it makes the juntas more dependent on their help. But if this continues then all of the juntas will fall because Russia has very limited resources for power projection and Sahel will become a chain of failed states. If the insurgency are a problem it would be better to partner up with an Islamic power - Turkey and Qatar or Saudis etc.
I think that Russia started the war in Ukraine not so much against the west but to show China that they're an equal partner. They banked on quick stunning success as in 2014 and instead they lost everything and had to come hat in hand.
The sudden and unexpected dependency on China will only mean that Russia will try to fight back and the only place that they can do it is Africa. They lost Central Asia to China and Turkey and Europe and East Asia are beyond their capability to control. Where do they have left? Who is weak enough to be exploited by a power without any actual power?
As for Russia changing their mentality you clearly have no idea what you're talking about. Think China's Qing not Revolutionary France. Russia today has none of the potential that made the revolution in early 20th century possible. They're a declining reactionary irredentist power driven by weakness. And that makes them both malicious and dangerous. They are like a drowning man that will drag you to the bottom to save himself.
But that's on Africa to learn from their own mistakes.