China is a pretty corrupt country too, but they pulled it off. Corruption and competency are not mutually exclusive.
They are not mutually exclusive but both are contributing factor in the result. No matter how brilliant and devoted a scientist is, there is only so much he can do when his research fund got siphoned by officials and barely 1/5 make it to him compared to the published budget.
China was able to pull it off because there was literally too much money in the bank, a one time opportunity for things like research and development to flourish, and... if there is a striking similarity between China and the US, is they fear their people, in their own different ways, nothing of the same can be said to countries like India, or Indonesia, where politicians are milking the populace for wealth in broad day light, and there is no hard consequence for failure.
India's military research is developing though despite the challenges (bad news always make headlines better than the good ones) and don't forget other things at play like foreign suppliers lobbies.
Imagine if their fancy fighters and destroyers broke down...
Time to call Rosoboron to stock up, and hear them say "Oh yes that's yesterday, today it's double the price"