France???As I see it, India can definitely reach Germany or France level in military tech even within a few years if they perform a figurative massacre of all the corrupt in their government.
The talent pool and money should be comparable. France and Germany are hardly that high level, they're on par with the J-10A in their true domestic tech and when you include foreign components, they can reach the sophistication of J-10C.
If India could boot all those without merit in their defense programs, all the fat ones that do nothing but delay and pocket money, there's no way they cannot reach Rafale level by themselves. Especially now when they have Rafales right there to reverse engineer.
I think Tejas itself is too fraught with problems, especially due to the plane size. It was a product of the time of laziness. But the Tejas mk2 or even an entirely new design could definitely be a "peak 4.5 gen", and with the help of using the foreign items they already have, there are theoretically no barriers except misappropriation of funds and time.
The F414 India wants to import is at a first glance not a good choice in performance, but if they get really good transfer of tech terms and they can indigenize it, its much better than getting hands on something with flashier stats they can't indigenize.
I'm not an aircraft engineer, but the most important components of an aircraft that hard to master is basically the avionics, the engine and the missiles. 1 and 3 are closely related. If India can get just 1 or 2 of those components down to a world class level, they will have already arrived at same level as most EU countries, and that is an achievement to be proud of.
France has one of the best aviation industries in the world, and have been making planes since planes were a thing. The Rafale is one of the best air superiority platforms in the world right now.
India on the other hand has created one subsonic jet (with foreign technology) in the 70s, and then spent 40 years trying to develop a 4th gen fighter.
If anything India is falling further behind.