Imagine a nation that has spent two decades trying to make an ordinary cruise missile but keeps failing, making a barely functional product.
Then imagine that that nation suddenly tries to develop a cutting edge state of the art hypersonic glide vehicle in half that amount of time. Not likely.
Yeah they are different, but share enough similarities that performance in one area gives you a general idea of what to expect in the other. If you struggle to make biplanes, you're not developing a jet aircraft. If you can't make a basic railroad, you're not gonna do well making a mag-lev high speed train. If you can't make a coal power plant, forget about nuclear reactors.
China is third nation in the entire planet capable of making high power high repetition rate ArF excimer laser, since a decade and a half ago, there is not 4th nation and this lasers as far as I know they have reached the same level as cymer or gigaphoton and in some point even surpassed because they are making solid state HP HRR 193nm and 248nm lasers.
You are misinterpreting things, SMEE was pretty much capable of taking a bigger share of the Chinese market since a decade and a half ago given the state of the semiconductor industry back then, but Chinese free marketeers, liberalists and foreign managers preferred much the idea of buying rather than develop. Obvious ASML is such heavy weight not only in technology but also in marketing and lobbyng fabs and goverment that SMEE didn't stood a chance and focused in packaging rather than wafers. Just look the state of Nikon, Japan is in the verge of losing their high end lithography industry.
China have the capabilities of making high end litho machines pretty early on but those needs were already fullfilled by ASML, has the US didn't put this export controls would have China lost the capability of making frontend machines in the future? I dobut it because the Chinese goverment was a buyer of SMEE machines.
Saudi Arabia has the capabilities of making their own military equipment, nobody doubt that, but they are so dependent on weapon imports that they weapon industry doesn't produce that much. But I am pretty sure that they can catch up in military technology with all their regional rivals in a pretty short time if they get cut off of imports because they are a science-industrial power in the region.