Wow so many replies, I'll address some older ones.
An example of being bogged down in spats are the Diaoyu Islands and Arunachal Pradesh claims. If we're being real here, these disputes are not going to be resolved any time soon as long as the US is number 1. Can China beat India/Japan in a 1 on 1? Yes. But if you bring the US into the mix? Then no. China stands far more to gain through economic cooperation with both than to press claims that are just not going to happen. China as it stands is currently still only the 2nd strongest power. Wouldn't it be smarter to focus all your energy on taking down the number 1 and keeping as many countries neutral as possible. For this new Cold War, China cannot face another NATO as the USSR did. The West and US allies in the East are disunited and squabbling between each other (see South Korea/Japan spat). They are mostly economically dominated by China but don't think for a second they won't sacrifice that to join the US. Overall, China has won nothing in diplomatic disputes except to confirm to the other side why China poses a threat. China has to keep US allies neutral so it has to lay low and maintain the status quo until it can topple the US.
China is growing at a rapid rate both militarily and economically. However, it is still weaker than the US in pretty much every regard right now. Why pick a fight now? Why play a game with a weak hand when a couple rounds later, you will have a much stronger hand? Mao's approach to border disputes was to simply push it off until China got stronger and could force the issue. China's greatest advantage is the fact that is has long term thinking and strategies. Kissinger once said that US strategy is like Chess where they aim to get a quick checkmate through a power move to instantly end the game where as the Chinese strategy is like Weiqi. It slowly builds up assets through a long game until the lead is insurmountable. Currently picking fights seems like trying to get a quick checkmate and resolving the issues rather than quietly building strength until the enemies see the writing on the wall and back off. Win without fighting. It's a classic Chinese strategy that has been played without fail.
Well the choice is not for China to make but for the west . It is not China that is suddenly become aggressive but It is the realization by the west that China is not going to toady up to the west and accept subservient role like Japan.
You see the west entice China with WTO membership and access to the west market. Hoping the the improving standard of living and access to the western nirwana of democracy will induced the population to demand democracy and regime change But to their disappointment it didn't happened
For along time they tolerated the CCP but deep in their heart they never believe that CCP will succeed and hope they bungle up the reform and resulting in economic downturn which will result social unrest and the demise of CCP.
But to their surprise it didn't happened and instead China grew stronger and stronger That is why the initiated the more hostile attitude toward China .
Anyway it is to hard to hide anymore China has grown bigger and no place to hide. Deng dictum was working because at that Time Chinese economy is still small and does not posed danger for the western interest.
Now that China economy is the 2nd place in the world and successfully compete against the west in all spectrum. It is different story. "Hiding your strength and bidding your time" is outdated and just not practical anymore.
Yes I agree China need more peace and time But as far as I see they bend their back backward in response to western more aggressive tactic. Only retaliate when there is no other choice.
China relation with south east asia has never been a problem for SEA. SEA is China's biggest trading partner eclipsing Europe and US and only getting bigger in the future . They lived with strong China for hundred of year with no problem
Mahathir said he is not afraid of China because China never colonized SEA
It is only the western meddling in China backyard that cause the problem
Building islet in SCS is defensible undertaking to secure China soft under bellies from invasion and secure her fledgling nuclear submarine America has MOnroe doctrine so why should not China has the same doctrine?