Penaids usually include chaff, balloons, and hard decoys what simulate RV's. All those things are commonly known "penaids" because they confuse enemy ABM systems and help RV to penetrate enemy defenses.
PRC has never disclosed how many warheads they have, but they said that PRC's arsenal is smallest among the P5 countries, that would mean less than 200 warheads in active service. It seems to hurt of internet egos that PRC does not posses thousands of nuclear weapons.
This is from 2004 and it has not changed in 2013.
I am curious where you get the number 200 from? source please Unless US has a satellite that can peered through the 3500 feet of mountain there is no way they can know or predict the Chinese nuclear stockpile. All those number are again based on plutonium production rate of a moutballed plutonium plant in northwest China that Jeffrey Lewis study with the cooperation of ex Chinese nuclear scientist.Regurgitating thousand time
It is kind of odd that China military advanced on all front at blazing speed but somehow it got stuck with 76 warhead since 1980. They must live in dream world. There is no roadblock financially or technologically to augment their nuclear stockpile.
Pentagon's 2012 China report stated that PRC has currently 50-75 ICBM's that can reach CONUS.
Pentagon has consistently underestimate the Chinese military development there is nothing new here. US has no access whatsoever on the Chinese nuclear establishment since most Chinese nuclear plant are buried inside mountain cave or underground all those number is guestimate and very inaccurate one I would say,
There is no casual link between number of test and nuclear stockpile . China stop testing underground because she try to comply with the ban on nuclear testing in 1996 even if China is not signatory of the ban. Anyway Nuclear bomb design is now better done on the supercomputer than actual trial and error test. They are more precise
Theoretical predictions of NWE based on computer codes and algorithms that have not been compared with experiments may not be accurate, and the details of such experiments are not generally available.
Those codes and algorithms which have been validated by experiment usually contain adjustable parameters and are much more reliable predictors of NWE. Such codes are termed "substantiated." Physical simulation provides more confidence in predicting NWE because it does not rely upon the mathematical approximations of codes and algorithms but uses physical phenomena closely related to those produced by a nuclear detonation to test the behavior of real systems. But physical simulation remains "second best" compared to testing against a real nuclear detonation.
Underground testing (UGT) can provide much insight into weapon design, radiation effects (gammas, neutrons, x-rays) on military systems, selected aspects of shock and blast, thermal effects, and source region EMP (SREMP).
Countries with limited defense budgets are less likely than the major nuclear powers to have had exhaustive underground testing programs.