Better VLS layout and weapons fit out along with sensor positioning is FAR more important than considering the what if a missile hits a smokestack.
Most anti-ship missiles are going for much lower around the water line. Most threats are air and subsurface based... especially US ones. China is dealing with the US so sensors and VSL take much greater priority in arrangement design.
There is almost a zero chance of a harpoon hitting the smokestack when you consider a harpoon is going for the waterline. Analyst... you are not living up to your intellectual claims of grandeur. A bit Jai Hind but try harder.
Harpoon is just one missile PLAN should be worried about. SM-2 and SM-6 will hit the ship from a plunging trajectory. NSM can be programmed to hit any desired point on the ship, including the smokestacks if that's desired. Probably the same for the LRASM and the upcoming JSM. And that's just the US threat.
Any ship struck by bombs or torpedoes is either a goner or completely mission killed. The whole point is not to get hit and NOT to minimise damage and take hits. Maybe that's the Indian thinking from the WW2 battleship era. These days, interceptors aim to fight the battle many kilometers away from the ship and networked assets many hundreds of kilometers away.
You are making things up now. Look at the Type 003 under construction and how far away the MERs are spaced. That is with the intent purpose for the ship to weather blast/flooding damage in that compartment and at the very least keep on steaming if not fighting. A ship dead in the water is a major liability. If the threat environment is unfavorable, they typically end up scuttled by their own side.
Even the Type 055 has a compartment of separation between its MERs. That's evidence that they do care about battle damage.
Smokestack separation correlates with MER separation. Sometimes, if volume is available, additional ducting can be used to increase separation. Based on diagrams published by CCTV, they don't seem to have increased the separation by much if at all compared to the smokestacks:
A torpedo hit in the middle compartment where the clutches and reduction gear(?) appear to be located stands a good chance to cripple the main propulsion.
Most anti-ship threats to PLAN vessels are airborne and subsurface. Therefore the smokestack can be packed right next to each other and it would make a close to zero difference overall. Even in the case of considering for anti-ship missiles, almost all modern and capable anti-ship missiles go for the waterline when they home in.
They don't, as I've pointed out above.
Analyst, consider all this a free lesson in logic and military history.
I beg your pardon. What did you say your credentials were?