Not to mention.I am starting to think that you are a western troll trying to discredit China.
Either that or you are very far away from the reality of the world.
Paying tribute is not something esoterical that is done for a country being “arrogant”.
Africa pays tribute across post colonial outlets present in those countries, financial trickery and corrupt local elites (comprador class).
China don’t have any of those post colonial outlets and moreover build infrastructure and give credits without interest to African countries.
But here you are pretending that China is the same than people that enslaved and genocided hundreds of thousands like Belgium, UK, France…
It is unbelievable …
A lot of the time, the trade and stuff that countries, tribes etc. got from trading with China outweighed what they gave in tribute (by a lot).
