Re: PLAN submarines Thread II
September 2, 2008 CCTV exposure of the Chinese Navy two mysterious 091 nuclear submarines, the parties caused widespread concern, with some old friends of Sichuan, rather harvest. Han-class submarines for many years did not appear on television, suddenly coming out of the East China Sea Fleet naval exercise, the extraordinary search where we have a lot of questions.
First, the submarine model, which is obviously not the old 091, from the appearance, the most likely to 091, mention known as the 091 - III-type bar.
Second, in the end to the old 091-or by a change of 093/094 preliminary research the construction of the new technology Tingti »
Third, if the change is 091, then that's 091 years of mysterious unpredictable change in the end to the number, how performance, and the law ham than how, with 093 compared to what so far is a mystery!
Below Shu-old from some clues such as hand, in-depth analysis of the mysterious 091 - III:
At present, China's nuclear submarines is 091 and 092 and both the 093 and launched the latest 094.093 and the 094 is launched in recent years, not to mention the outstanding performance. After more than 30 years and the 091 and 092 properties, such as Jammu Hui official has been deep, rarely mentioned. Han-class, the vessel is 120-Level I, II-345 is level, the recent improved after the then-called Category III. But 091 of the Han-class attack submarine and 092 Xia-class nuclear submarines submerged early noise, is as high as 160 db and 165 decibels, the years of improvement is still as high as 150 and 155 db. That the U.S. military experts have sarcastically: "China's nuclear submarines from the Guangzhou port in Vietnam's Saigon can be heard." It should be a halo gas, not a concert than is also busy »
Nuclear submarines is not an ordinary submarine, price and maintenance costs are high the death, but also high risk, China's Han-class nuclear submarines have two polluted, the only service of the last three. In the new 093 service not a lot before, these "law ham" the door must hand for a while, for our naval fleet hold the waist. But far from satisfactory performance of the people are truly distressed, to that end, China's submarine engineering scientific and technical personnel for a long time to reduce the noise made unremitting efforts.
According to all information speculated that the Chinese at least four-to 091 - III, 2艘in the South China Sea Fleet, two in the East China Sea Fleet. Based on March 1996 in Taiwan of China's deterrence exercise, the nuclear submarine deterrent to the United States dispatched two aircraft carrier groups (independent, and the USS Nimitz) into the successful examples of the Taiwan Strait, the Navy decided to mainland China's western Pacific coast closest to the Navy Zhoushan base for the deployment of nuclear submarines, in order to get space on the edge. April 1998 the East China Sea Fleet has deployed two of China's first generation of 091 (NATO said the "Han-class") Improved nuclear attack submarines (submarine-launched cruise missiles can) 405 boats (long march 5)-and 407 boats (long march 7 ).
091-III improve background
In the future a longer period of time, our navy's operational area will mainly be a chain of islands in the chain of islands and the coastal areas, and within the chain of islands in the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea area. This means that from the area, the mission of our military nuclear submarines basically do not exceed the scope of the second island chain, which during the Cold War US-Soviet nuclear submarines and the combat area compared to, from or distance from the sea, have characteristics Great distinction. In this region, China's coastal waters can be fully handed over to conventional submarines, because the depth of 150 meters within the waters of the stage is not nuclear-powered submarines. Evidently. Noise huge 091 submarines to upgrade to effectively deal with brush-sea anti-submarine force challenges. 09 l and the submarine itself, was launched from 1974 to now been more than 30 years service, upgrade their technology was not unusual at all. This was followed by the 093/094 service to provide a powerful nuclear deterrent over the early 091 boats have no long-term in the embarrassing position of Granville, an urgent need for a real deterrent to the new naval support to the water front.
To enable 091-405-class attack submarine thorough completely, the Navy's research department of China's implementation of its massive conversion plan, 091 have completely performance:
1. 091-III power system
091 to be a guess as to the successful development of the thermal power of 195 megawatts of GW-3-HTGR, the pressurized water reactors to replace the original, but individuals feel less likely.
091 service for more than 30 years. Reactor power plant has been aging, its replacement is the sense of things, from the 2007 Defense Exhibition on display at the 091 nuclear submarines modified shape changes can be seen in some clues. The submarine models on display than in the past 091 submarines open a lot longer, it also indirectly proved that once the replacement of 09 l of the power plant. As for what kind of installed power plant opinion, is more representative of the latest successful development of new high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors to replace the original pressurized water reactors, such thermal power more than doubled, to reduce a heat exchanger Tonglu, volume Basically unchanged. l996 in June, the "People's Daily" reported that China since the mid-1980s launched the "863 high-tech plan" in the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor known as the subject has achieved a major breakthrough. March 1998, "Wen Wei Po" reported that China has the advanced international level, the first-generation "high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor" in a collaboration with the University has been put into trial operation, to fill gaps in the domestic, indicates that China's scientific research capacity in the discipline Is a world leader. This high-tech achievements in 2001 have 863 plans 15th anniversary shown in the exhibition, introduced in the text specifically mention its mainly used for military, some people speculate that technology has been applied to the 091 submarines to improve the work. But I think that the high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor application in China is still in the early stages, the land-based test reactor construction has just begun. If its application in the service phase of the 091 submarines, the technical maturity of the missing would risk larger. Therefore, that 091 new improved version of pressurized water reactors to replace the more likely.
That 091 overseas to dismantle reducer and auxiliary generator system, the reactor directly drive a 60,000 kilowatts of DC generator. Reactors and generators form a whole, installed in a "damping floating raft," and connect with the outside all the pipes, connected by flexible shock absorption. Greatly reduce the noise of the power system was tested, only the technology to reduce by nearly 20 dB noise. Reactor - the current generation systems promote the direct-drive motor, and to high-power, high-capacity lithium batteries.
-- A 45,000 kilowatts of the great low-speed torque motor, a direct-drive aescinate the corners propeller, is expected to be the largest submerged speed suddenly increased to 33. In advancing axis of the serial a speed of 320 kilowatts of economic motor, a separate advance, submerged speed of 11. In the international community is following the U.S. "Sea Wolf", the second-use nuclear - the nuclear electric propulsion mode.
-- Installation of the 60,000 kilograms of high-power, high-capacity lithium battery, it can even absorb the reactor - all of the generator system generating capacity, regardless of promoting more high-power motors to run (this is in accordance with the changing tactical requirements, any Submarine would not have been submerged in full swing), the reactor - generator system will always be in the best working conditions operation, and stable operation also further reduce the noise.
-- Dynamic Systems trick is that when the 60,000 kg of high-power, high-capacity lithium battery is full of power (• 540,000 kilowatt hours), you can shut down the reactor in order to reduce noise. Battery sufficient for the submarine submerged at full speed for 10 hours, if the speed of economic submerged, but also submerged hundreds of hours. This is the nuclear-powered submarines from other countries do, but also impossible.
If the above information is true, then that absolute power to 091 tough and very quiet, not less than 093 the number!
二. Batteries for submarines
The submarine with high power, high-capacity lithium battery, Shu-old investigation that China is the world's advanced level. Military superpower in this respect, to promote civilian use only quietly. In about 2002 to 2003 CDC army was on the altar on a Chinese submarine with a high-power, high-capacity lithium battery-XXX, and later removed, Zhang now has basically can not see the map. The company was founded in 1998, the study high-power, high-capacity lithium battery with a number of the world, except for military and civilian, many foreign companies are Muming to order.
The company's leading products in the catalogue is not yet open to XXXX XX licensing submarine batteries series, broken down into eight varieties. The installation of three conventional submarines, each 224, with the total energy of 6,272 kilowatts, can drive a displacement of 2,000 tons of water droplets submarines creeping to 3.5 per hour to 150 hours and peak power will enable submarines to 17 / hour, which will Far more than the most advanced AIP system. This is by boat, according to another, the allocation of the company's solid momentum of high-energy lithium batteries for electric buses, only 20 to 40 minutes per charge, up to 400 km mileage, accelerate from zero km to 100 km only Takes 19 seconds, top speed of 120 km. After more than 30,000 kilometers of testing, fully meet civilian standards. This technology has been recognized as major national scientific and technological achievements. State Ministry of Science and Technology, national defense agencies of the battery of military testing a number of tests, all the indicators all qualified. China's "863" plan lithium battery research and development center has been incorporated into systems. As for the nuclear submarine batteries, not to mention the absolutely first-class level and quality.
This is the domestic lithium battery level, China has successfully developed high-power, high-capacity high-iron battery.
High iron battery iron battery is the stability of Ferrate (K2FeO4, BaFeO4, etc.), can be used as high-speed railway battery cathode materials to produce energy density, small size, light weight, long life, a new type of chemical pollution-free batteries . Iron battery advantages: high-energy high-capacity. Currently on the market than the civilian battery power only 60-135 w / kg, and the high iron battery can reach 1000 w / kg more than ordinary batteries discharge current is the 3 - 10 times. Particularly suitable for high-power, high current occasions. High iron battery cost-effective. Alkaline manganese batteries can not meet the current needs large current consumption of large-capacity digital cameras, cameras and other electronic products needs, lithium-ion batteries due to cost in this respect are not very competitive. High iron battery discharge curve flat. If Zn-K2FeO4, 70% more than the discharge time in the 1.2-1.5 V.
三. 091-III and with silencer-Watt
091 photos from speaking to a significant change, the change of clothes, as is a new paint brush or a silent tile Phi, before there are controversies. In fact, the early years the military has an altar North Sea Phi cream Daixue 091 photographs, silent tile out in the head, the tile with tile on the controversy has little significance. 039 have even used the tiles, let alone a country weighing equipment. Muffler Watts of use, once again making the Han-class stealth be greatly improved.
四. Command and control and the level of information
As our military equipment develop in the direction of positive information, modified 091 nuclear submarines in the level of information should also substantially increase not only raise the level of automation, information sharing capability, command and control capabilities should be substantially increased. Nuclear submarines from abroad to improve the level of automation experience, 09 l modified the automation of the first nuclear submarine is to command a battle to improve the system, the only way to enhance its operational efficiency and response capabilities, and improve the ship with other kinds of synergies between the combat capability Followed by the communication system improvements, foreign advanced attack submarines, equipped with an information network for information sharing between Jianyuan, and enhance the transparency of combat command, the technology has been widely used in China's advanced surface vessels, I believe in 09 l submarines will also work to improve the application of this technology. At the same time, there are 091 to be equipped with a self-developed China's satellite navigation system, further improve their command and control capability. Finally, raise the level of automation, the focus is to improve the automation level of combat systems, including automatic torpedo loading equipment installation, automatic warning devices, such as fighting, which both help to reduce the quota fighting, raising the submarine's self-sustainability.
Allegedly 091 to substantially improve the degree of automation, fighting quota by 75 people dropped to 52. 091 to install the education network, each crew allocation of a portable machine. This has become a fixed item of the submarine. Submerged for a long period of the greater significance of nuclear submarines and Kazakhstan.
五. Weapons systems
09l modified nuclear submarine weapons system should also be within the scope of the upgrade. From the 2007 model on display appearance, the torpedo launch tube no major change in the next 2 or 4 on the six 533 mm torpedo tube design, but the torpedoes might have changed. China in 1974 and equipment 09 l submarine torpedo is "fish" l torpedo, 3 O after years of development, I am with the existing torpedo technology has been synchronized with the world, it should be logical escalation of torpedoes. Active-duty army major conventional submarines and warships of the major equipment is "fish"-heavy torpedoes, and therefore should be able to determine 091 version is also equipped with a nuclear submarine torpedo this. In addition, China's new generation of more "fish" B anti-ship torpedoes, "fish" anti-ship 5 / anti-submarine torpedoes have been used to equip our troops, 091 modified may have more advanced equipment such torpedoes. According to the outside world, "fish" in the development of five torpedoes in the mid-8 0, "Otto II" fuel, with low noise and no track advantage. 5 fish a maximum speed 50, 35, flight speed of 45 kilometers, the largest submarine 500 meters deep, guided approach to wire-guided Active / Passive joint sound self-directed, self-directed sound system using digital computer control.
The original 091 submarines with anti-ship missiles, according to the foreign media that is a 801 c. The upgraded version of the 091 nuclear submarines, anti-ship missile will be upgraded, Sheng is the possibility of c-803, because the missiles have become the main force of China's anti-ship missile ships. 091 may also be modified nuclear submarines equipped with submarine-launched cruise missiles, waiting for news to confirm.
Overseas announced the test record
Modified test was conducted in 405, allegedly in the 250 meters underwater in 405 boats (not up to the maximum 300 meters deep submersible) continuously improve the speed, quickly than the original maximum speed of 25, in the past, this speed When the destroyer measured the noise reached 155 db of sound level, and now displayed on the instrument is only 115 db not to. Anti-submarine helicopters, sonar serviceman reported the noise is 115 db. All of a sudden over the Americans on the Los Angeles attack submarine of the 120 dB, to the latest Russian Akula class submarine level
In 25 medium-speed, the closure of the reactors, measured 100 decibels is the following. When the closure of the main motors, only promote the economic motor speed, speed dropped to 11, on the sonar screen almost could not find traces of it. Determination of the noise Zhibi 95 dB, has reached with the United States as of the Seawolf-class attack submarine similar to the level of 95 decibels, in accordance with the truth, it is already close to the ocean background noise, when the sea storms slightly more, destroyers, Submarine chasers and anti-submarine helicopters, surface or shallow-towed sonar can not detect it. Only deep-dive submarine submarines will it be possible to detect it.
In the end to the old 091-to 093 or by a pre-inquest construction of the new technology? » Can be seen from the above analysis, the first boat for 405 modification, should be after the new, borrowed some of the pre-research technology 093/094. And, in the 2007 defense exhibition on the 091-Beijing to mark the photos clearly in vain for "a new nuclear submarine", the combination of completely transforming, said 091 to "new" do not be overemphasized. Therefore, 091 is definitely worth a visit to the use Jinghong Sword Chun-Qian Kun, no exaggeration.
After 30 years of development, China's attack submarines in the technical advances have made progress, and many of the original application of scientific and technological achievements, the Chinese Navy's operational capability has been thus greatly enhanced.
This is: Ming-Ming, Song-Song, Seoul has changed, summer Chudong; to the former, Jin has to.
