However, I have a counter-proposal for that, which is that they could have designed 002 in such a way where the space needed for relevant subsystems for either a steam catapult or EM catapult could be designed into the ship's relevant compartments in the most optimal way so that they can construct the ship up to a certain point before integrating the relevant subsystems in. I expect the keel of the ship and the lower decks of the ship will be more or less the same between 002 whether it uses steam or EM cat. The question is whether the ship's propulsion will differ between whether it uses steam or EM cat -- obviously steam cats will use steam derived from the ship's boilers, but an EM cat will have to use generators.
I dont want to go OT, but i dont agree with this theory. Im not a naval engineer, but i think that when you change a large and complex component that connects with the rest of the ship like a catapult, you are bound to mess with the rest of the ship. A diferent type of catapult impacts the propulsion, which in turn impacts something (a lot) else, and so on. This is not an plane, which you can change avionics and even engines without a lot of problems. IMO, before you start to build something as complex as an aircraft carrier, you must know at least what the main components will be.
If anything, the fact that they're extending this at a dedicated naval air training facility suggests to me that these two systems are meant for a high pace of use rather than tinkering with R&D.
Not necessarly. They may not have a dedicated R&D facility just to catapults, and just decided to add it to the training facilty.