News on China's scientific and technological development.

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Enestori

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America's massive market for biotech doesn't lead to good results in life expectancy. American life expectancy (79)
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than Cuban or Iranian life expectancy (both 78). Cuba and Iran are entirely embargoed from supposedly cutting-edge pharmaceutical drugs; yet I bet the average Cuban is healthier than the average American.

Judging by the ultimate measure of effectiveness - I'm just not sure how much China would lose from biotech sanctions.
 
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interestedseal

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Enestori said:
America's massive market for biotech doesn't lead to good results in life expectancy. American life expectancy (79)
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than Cuban or Iranian life expectancy (both 78). Cuba and Iran are entirely embargoed from supposedly cutting-edge pharmaceutical drugs; yet I bet the average Cuban is healthier than the average American.

Judging by the ultimate measure of effectiveness - I'm just not sure how much China would lose from biotech sanctions.
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Life expectancy of the general population is highly correlated with the quality of public healthcare services and is hardly correlated with the level of leading-edge biopharma tech capabilities. Of course the US biopharma lobby only made their healthcare system even less efficient. Anyway China has become almost self-sufficient and increasingly competitive in both biomed and medical devices, so sanctions against these industries would not affect their tech development/advancement per se. But sanctions will affect their revenue in the us market and maybe western markets in general.
As for the biopharma market size comparison between the us and China, my prediction is China will in the near future surpass the us in market volume but remain behind the us in market value. The same drug in the us costs many times more than in China. Similar situation in medical devices.
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GiantPanda

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jnd85 said:
If I am not mistaken, it is cheaper to transport data by HDD rather than using cable to almost anywhere - in the short run. It is just a matter of what your unit of time is.
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Logistics is all distance and volume. Disk transfer needs a particular volume to warrant the energy expended in physically getting them to a location. I doubt it is very economical to fly one disk's worth of data cross country.
 
tphuang

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nice article here on China's carbon fiber development

吉林化纤在2023年完成了5万吨/年原丝的扩产，产能达16万吨/年；碳丝产能增加到4.9万吨/年，世界排名第二。2024年，该公司将建设1.5万吨/年干喷湿法原丝及相关碳化建设，试图竞争高性能小丝束市场。

上海石化已完成2.4万吨/年大丝束原丝及相关的6000吨/年氧化碳化生产线的建设，正在稳步提升碳纤维性能，有望在2024年规模生产T700性能的48K大丝束碳纤维。虽然大丝束碳纤维在生产中存在诸多难点，但在后续复材及应用中具有诸多优势。

大丝束碳纤维市场生存必须具备低成本的原丝生产技术，还要对纤维生产做大幅度低成本改良创新，更要在应用上开疆拓土，完成对玻纤复材、塑料及铝合金大众材料的替代。

以高性能小丝束为主的碳纤维从业者，主要以光威复材、中简科技及太钢钢科为代表，还包括江苏恒神及中复神鹰部分产能、煤化所扬州基地，以及西安康本、河南永煤、中油吉化、吉研高科和吉林神舟等企业。

光威复材实行“621”发展战略，即布局碳纤维、通用新材料（预浸料）、能源新材料（碳梁等拉挤产品）、航空先进复合材料、航天先进复合材料、精密装备（碳纤维生产设备及工装模具）6个业务板块，在国家工程实验室和国家企业技术中心两个“产学研用”科研平台引擎的带动下，形成一条具有竞争力的全产业链，确立了在国家先进复合材料领域的主导地位，引领产业高质量发展。

中简科技具备高强型ZT7系列（高于T700级）、ZT8系列（T800级）、ZT9系列（T1000/T1100级）和高模型ZM40J（M40J级）石墨纤维工程产业化能力，并已成为国内航空航天领域ZT7系列碳纤维产品的批量稳定供应商。

太钢钢科专注于高性能聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及复合材料研发与制造，目前已建成3条全流程高性能碳纤维生产线，设计产能合计2400吨/年。

兼顾低成本大丝束与高性能小丝束的碳纤维从业者以中复神鹰、光威复材、江苏恒神、长盛科技、晓星中国等企业为代表。

中复神鹰实现了2.85万吨/年碳纤维产能，2023年初又宣布了在连云港新的3万吨/年扩产计划。光威复材已在内蒙古建设了新的氧化碳化生产线，有望在2024年实现生产。江苏恒神于2022年4月对外宣布在陕西榆林投资建设2万吨/年高性能碳纤维生产基地，包括一条干喷湿纺碳化线及一条大丝束碳化线。
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Looks like they are really going full throat at not just carbon fiber production but the upstream supply chain.

and 中简科技 is the leader in supplying high end aerospace carbon fibers.

some numbers to think about

2023年，全球碳纤维产能增长至29.0万吨/年，比2022年的25.9万吨/年增长12.3%。这主要得益于中国、韩国及土耳其等国家的新增产能贡献。目前，全球主要的碳纤维生产企业包括东丽/卓尔泰克、吉林化纤、中复神鹰、赫氏、东邦/帝人、三菱丽阳、西格里、新创碳谷、宝旌、韩国晓星和上海石化等。

中国大陆2023年碳纤维产能达13.8万吨/年，全球占比跃升至47.7%，位居全球第一。

在高性能小丝束领域，东丽/卓尔泰克、东邦/帝人等在产能规模和产品性能上有一定优势，我国以光威复材、中简科技及太钢钢科等为代表的企业近几年也取得了较大的突破。在低成本大丝束领域，东丽/卓尔泰克、三菱丽阳和西格里三大制造商处于世界领先地位，我国吉林化纤、上海石化、宝旌等企业，在产能规模上已与国外相当。

2023年，全球碳纤维市场需求量为11.5万吨，比上年降低了14.8%，主要原因是风电领域市场推广不利，未来随着碳纤维在风电、新能源车和无人机等领域推广，碳纤维需求量将保持快速增长。
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China has 138k out of 290k total capacity in carbon fiber globally
total global production in 2023 is 115k and I see that China produced maybe 53k?
 
broadsword

broadsword

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I was told that those carbon fiber bikes from China that cost about USD1,000 or even less are not made of carbon fiber but fiberglass. Damn.
 
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