News on China's scientific and technological development.

broadsword

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AssassinsMace

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Super battery - a byproduct of China's EV battery industry?

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That's just like Popular Science claiming the US can make X-Wing fighters or Helicarriers like you see in Marvel movies but this time it's used to scare themselves into action. I would see more potent applications than just energy weapons if such technology existed. The mental midgets that are worried over this are the same people who want to keep the A-10 Warthog alive. All they see is the big gun replacing their personal shortcomings. They don't want hear that's it's only good against foes that basically have no air defenses. It can be easily shot down therefore not practical against a modernized foe.
 

SanWenYu

Captain
Registered Member
A CAS team created a bionic adhesive that, under "low temperature and atmospheric pressure", can glue sands, slags, mineral residues, etc. into recycalable building materials as strong as those made from regular cement.

Paper:
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Colonial sandcastle-inspired low-carbon building materials​

Highlights​

  • Natural-based low-carbon building materials (nLCBMs/±) are proposed
  • nLCBMs/± can be obtained at low temperature and atmospheric pressure
  • nLCBMs/± based on various grains exhibit outstanding mechanical performance
  • nLCBMs/± possess recyclability, an anti-weathering property, and scalability

Summary​

Low-carbon building materials are attracting enormous attention due to the massive energy consumption and carbon emissions from conventional constructions. Existing natural-based building materials are promising for low-carbon constructions but challenging in realizing high mechanical strength for practical applications. Here, inspired by colonial sandcastles, we report the large-scale fabrication of natural-based low-carbon building materials (nLCBMs/±) by a bio-inspired adhesive strategy under low temperature and atmospheric pressure. The as-prepared nLCBMs/± show outstanding compressive strength up to the construction criteria of cement-based materials, hydration-enabled recyclability, and an anti-weathering property. Furthermore, the bio-inspired adhesive strategy is versatile to various grains, such as desert sands, sea sands, concrete slag, coal cinders, and mineral residues. Our finding provides a promising route in accelerating the next-generation construction industry with limited energy consumption and carbon emissions.


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受沙塔蠕虫巢穴启发设计仿生低碳新型建筑材料​

2023年9月20日,中国科学院理化技术研究所王树涛研究员团队在Matter期刊上发表了一篇题为Colonial sandcastle-inspired low-carbon building materials的研究成果。

该研究受自然界中沙塔蠕虫构筑巢穴过程启发,利用天然基粘结剂粘结沙粒、矿渣等各类固体颗粒,在低温常压条件下制备了力学性能优异仿生低碳新型建筑材料,为在建筑领域中降低碳排放量提供了新思路。论文通讯作者是王树涛;第一作者是徐雪涛。

生产传统水泥基建材在高温焙烧过程中需消耗大量能量(约3.3 GJ/t)并产生巨额碳排放量(约800 kgCO2/t)。针对于此,急需发展新型低碳建筑材料,尤其是基于天然原料的低碳建筑材料,对于在建筑领域内降低碳排放量具有重要意义。近年来,国内外开展了大量的研究工作,提出多种基于天然原料的粘结剂,如生物高分子、细菌矿化粘结剂及酶矿化粘结剂等。然而目前利用各类天然基粘结剂粘结沙粒及其他固体颗粒所形成的块材强度普遍较低,难以满足实际建筑需求。因此设计天然基低碳建筑材料仍具有挑战性。

中国科学院理化技术研究所王树涛研究员团队运用仿生策略,设计了受沙塔蠕虫巢穴所启发的天然基仿生低碳新型建筑材料。自然界中,沙塔蠕虫可通过分泌复合有正电性蛋白与负电性蛋白的粘液粘结沙粒构筑坚固的巢穴。受此过程启发,引入正电性季铵化壳聚糖与负电性海藻酸钠形成仿生天然粘结剂,实现了对于沙粒、矿渣等各类固体颗粒的牢固粘结,并最终在低温常压条件下形成高强度低碳建筑材料。

带有相反电荷高分子的天然基粘结剂可通过静电相互作用,同时增强粘结剂与固体颗粒间的界面粘附强度以及粘结剂的本体强度,进而实现对于固体颗粒的牢固粘结,并最终形成高强度建筑材料。该天然基仿生低碳新型建筑材料的抗压强度高达17 MPa,可达到常规建筑材料要求标准。此外,该天然基仿生低碳新型建筑材料具有优异的抗老化性能、防水性能以及独特的可循环利用性能。因此,这一仿生低碳新型建筑材料在低碳建筑领域具有巨大应用潜力。
 

SanWenYu

Captain
Registered Member
Huazhong University of Science and Technology made breakthrough in high speed 2D floating gate MOSFET storage, i.e. flash memory. Erase time of their flash memory is within the range of 10 to 100ns, with the erase life cycle up to 3x10^6. In comparison, erase time of current commericial products are usually between 10us to 1ms (10000 to 1000000ns), with life of 10^5 erase cycles.

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我国科研团队在二维高性能浮栅晶体管存储器方面取得重要进展​


据华中科技大学新闻网15日消息,该校材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室教授翟天佑团队在二维高性能浮栅晶体管存储器方面取得重要进展,研制了一种具有边缘接触特征的新型二维浮栅晶体管器件,与现有商业闪存器件性能对比,其擦写速度、循环寿命等关键性能均有提升,为发展高性能、高密度大容量存储器件提供了新的思路。

浮栅晶体管作为一种电荷存储器,是构成当前大容量固态存储器发展的核心元器件。然而,当前,商业闪存内硅基浮栅存储器件所需的擦写时间约10μs-1ms范围,远低于计算单元CPU的数据处理速度(~ns) ,而其循环耐久性约为10^5次,也难以满足频繁的数据交互。随着计算机数据吞吐量的爆发式增长,突破传统浮栅晶体管擦写速度、耐久性等瓶颈,发展一种可兼顾高速、耐久特性的存储技术势在必行。

二维材料具有原子级厚度和无悬挂键表面,在器件集成时可有效避免窄沟道效应和界面态钉扎等问题,是实现高密度集成、高性能闪存器件的理想材料。然而,此前研究中,其数据擦写速度多异常缓慢,鲜有器件可同时实现高速和高循环耐久性。针对这一挑战,研究团队提出了一种具有边缘接触特征的新型二维浮栅晶体管器件,如图2所示,利用MoS2材料内独特的1T/2H金属-绝缘体相变工程在传统二维浮栅晶体管器件内引入边缘接触实现了擦写速度在10-100ns、循环耐久性超过3×10^6次的高性能存储器件。

研究中,团队利用化学Li+插层手段,对传统金属-半导体接触区域内MoS2进行相转变,使其由半导体相(2H)向金属相(1T)转变,使器件内金属-半导体接触类型由传统的3D/2D面接触过渡为具有原子级锐利界面的2D/2D型边缘接触。团队在长期的研究中发现,这种接触模式可有效避免接触势垒钉扎,从而有利于晶体管内通过金-半接触产生热电子注入,促进浮栅晶体管内电荷擦写效率的提升,在7-15V较低的工作电压和超短的脉冲下完成浮栅电荷的擦写,保证器件的循环耐久性。通过对比传统面接触电极与新型边缘接触,该研究说明了优化制备二维浮栅存储器件内金属-半导体接触界面对改善其擦写速度、循环寿命等关键性能的重要作用。

与现有商业闪存器件性能对比,研究所制备的二维浮栅晶体管在擦写速度、循环寿命方面均有了大幅度提升,展现出优越的存储性能。而作为一种适用于二维半导体器件的独特接触模式,新型边缘接触模式可有效避免接触电极尺寸效应,有利于接下来进一步推进其高密度集成,发展高性能、高密度大容量存储器件提供新的思路。
 

weig2000

Captain

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Specific areas where China leads include:
  • Inertial Navigation Systems
  • Magnetic Field Sensors
  • Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors
  • Photonic Sensors
  • Radar
  • Satellite Position and Navigation
  • Sonar and Acoustic Sensors
On the other hand, the US has a lead in:
  • Quantum Sensors
  • Atomic Clocks
  • Gravitational Sensors

WFT is going on with the notorious ASPI suddenly with all these breathless findings/warnings/dubious claims one after another about China's supposed leads in all these obscure areas? Have they just reinvented themselves? Or are they just the same old sh*t in a new bottle?
 

Sinnavuuty

Senior Member
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Huawei Vows to Build 'Computing Backbone' for China's AI Ambitions​

Solid Backbone​

"Huawei is committed to building a solid computing backbone for China," said Meng, according to
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. "Our end goal is to help meet the diverse AI computing needs of different industries."

The chairwoman notably avoided discussing the Mate 60 Pro smartphone and its
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system-on-chip produced in China (
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). However, a commitment to building a computing backbone for the People's Republic is an almost literal confirmation that the company is set to create processors for artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing (HPC) applications.

In her address, Meng emphasized Huawei's ambition to create a robust computational infrastructure for China that would cater to the varied AI requirements of multiple sectors. She conveyed the company's strategy to collaborate with clients, partners, and developers to expedite advancements in intelligence across diverse industries.

Meng serves as Huawei's CFO and is the daughter of Huawei's founder Ren Zhengfei. Therefore, she isn't just a high-ranking executive but may represent a future vision of the company. This underscores the importance of unity and perseverance in achieving these goals.

Huawei's Approach to AI​

Zhang Ping'an, the CEO of Huawei Cloud, unveiled a range of AI products designed to meet the specific needs of industries such as mining, healthcare, and government. Among these were the Pangu models, which employ a 5+N+X decoupling architecture and layered AI capabilities.

While Huawei did not elaborate, 'decoupling architecture' generally means separating system components for flexibility and easier management. Such an architecture aims for modularity and scalability, allowing Pangu models to support various applications across various industries. For example, the Pangu model for vehicles has reduced the learning time required for autonomous driving systems from over two weeks to less than two days, according to Huawei.

According to Zhang, Huawei has proactively sent experts, including PhDs, to work directly with enterprises in implementing advanced AI technologies. He said that this effort has already benefited over 1,000 companies, and an additional 200 PhDs are slated to visit customer sites this year to help integrate intelligent technologies with industry-specific needs.
 
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