News on China's scientific and technological development.

mostonhel said:

If you think this is not good will but some anti-China nonsense, then I have nothing to say.@FairAndUnbiased

"China has a government with far the highest executive power in the world. After 10 years of rectification by Xi Jinping, it is even more disciplined. The key policies decided by the central government seem to have no reason to fail, but the CCP’s system, organization and principles have a fatal weakness; That is academic management. It is precisely because of the lack of academic management that many "scholars" and "experts" have been thoroughly brainwashed by Western propaganda, resulting in excessive macroeconomic regulation in 2009 and miscalculation of Trump's strategic intentions in 2017. In recent years, with the continuous introduction of new reforms by Xi Jinping, some of the problems are gradually getting rid of, but the selection of scientific and technological routes and resource allocation are still serious.

I have been trying my best to discuss the difficulties in academic management in China from a simple and direct perspective, but I must remind everyone that this problem is very deep and broad, and it is not just a fake, flooded reverse elimination, or a few The mountain of interest is defrauding public funds and wasting national strength. Although these phenomena limit the efficiency of independent research and development, greatly increase the difficulty of industrial upgrading and catching up with advanced countries, and thus lower the living standards of countless practitioners, but they are logically the manifestation of another more basic contradiction. That is, the absolute conflict between the current Chinese academic management philosophy and the idea of rational governance.

One of the most fundamental principles of the CCP's rational governance policy since Deng Xiaoping is that power must respect science and reason, and the latter often comes from professional opinions in practice. This principle itself is not wrong, but it also originated from Deng Xiaoping. It was gradually misunderstood and distorted into that power must respect professional bosses, and then further evolved into that power must be given to academics. Of course, such a conclusion can only be established if it is first assumed that scientific achievements are equal to personality intelligence, but the facts are often completely contrary to that assumption: for example, the husband of Lila Gleitman, one of the founders of Psycholinguistics in the 20th century, also felt it: "Great scientists are often not great men." (Lila's answer is: "Yeah. For instance, I'm not a great man." Henry Gleitman, like his wife, is also a professor in the Department of Psychology at U Penn. Lila, however, has a similar level of humor. For example, he once said "God must have loved the C students, because he made so many of them.") This has not taken into account the so-called first-class scientists ("academicians") in China. Internationally, it may not be considered second-rate (see the list of leaders of the Institute of High Energy; some readers may find it rude to say this, but I don't think it is polite to those who are traitors).

These bigwigs have occupied the right to speak on professional issues all over the world, and China has given more political status and management functions. The benign checks and balances of the original Chinese-style huge and powerful bureaucracy can only come from science and rationality (including anti-corruption, which Why is Xi Jinping's Disciplinary Committee extremely strict in collecting evidence?) However, these academic leaders have both political power and professional authority. They not only have absolute and completely unchecked decision-making power on relevant policies, but can also use political energy to further their efforts. Improve professional prestige (for example, through the Central Propaganda Department to suppress criticism and brag about their achievements, and monopolize scientific research budgets to conduct experiments that foreign teams cannot afford but have little scientific significance), and then use professional prestige to deceive more There is a lot of political energy in such an infinite loop; in the process, you can also open some companies by the way, and harvest leeks in the stock market through the boasting of the official media. This is a source of large extra money that political bureaucrats can’t even imagine.

I have said time and again that the goal of politics is the maximization of the public good, and the basis of its practice is rational and professional attitude. Although the CCP is the government with the highest degree of rationality in human society, this logical fallacy that confuses scientific facts with professional authority is a great worry; if it is not corrected as soon as possible, the political and scientific discourse power will be separated. , then there are bound to be more and more outrageous scholars who are selfish and stealing the country. Several fake future technologies that I have criticized for a long time have become the key investment targets of the 14th Five-Year Plan, but this is actually only the inevitable result of the above-mentioned fallacy. cause increasing blood loss. It is urgent to clear the source of the original.
............
The blog has been expecting the sophistry used by vested interests to include Straw Man Fallacy since the early years of trying to debunk fake basic scientific research (such as the Great Collider) and fake future technologies (hydrogen economy, nuclear fusion) that have no real value. (Another target, change the topic), that is to pretend that my criticism is aimed at all basic scientific research and future technology,so the blog post has always provided a comparison in the right direction that is really worth investing in. However, due to political reasons in quantum computing, it was not until this article four months ago that I had enough time to tell the truth, and it was too late to make a complete discussion."

Click to expand...

Stop spamming the blog. None of it is backed up by evidence, and you don't need to quote it here verbatim. You're just cluttering up the threads here

A new semi-device-independent quantum random number breaks through the bottleneck of security and practicality

2022-08-15



01 Introduction

Recently, the Key Laboratory of Quantum Information of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led by Academician Guo Guangcan of the University of Science and Technology of China, has made new progress in the research of quantum random number generators. Professor Han Zhengfu of the laboratory and his collaborators Wang Shuang, Yin Zhenqiang, Chen Wei, etc. have realized a new semi-device-independent quantum random number generator protocol.

For the first time, the team has achieved secure random number generation without the light source being trusted and the detection device requiring no characterization. This research simultaneously meets the requirements for high security and high speed in practical applications, and provides an effective solution for the wide application of quantum random number generators.

The related research results were published in Physical Review Letters on July 28, 2022 under the title "Certified Randomness from Untrusted Sources and Uncharacterized Measurements".

02Research background

Random numbers have a wide range of application requirements in engineering simulation, secure communication, basic science and other fields, and quantum random number generators are based on the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanics, which can generate quantum random numbers with true randomness. However, the actual equipment for building quantum random numbers often has certain non-idealities, which leads to errors in entropy estimation and affects the unpredictability and privacy of random numbers. Although a completely device-independent quantum random number generator can solve this problem, its protocol system is extremely complex and the random number generation rate is low, making it difficult to apply in practice.

Semi-device-independent protocols realize high-speed random number generation by relaxing some assumptions. One of the most widely concerned directions is the source-independent quantum random number generator, which can completely solve the problem of source-side trustworthiness. However, the existing source-independent quantum random number generators need to accurately model the measurement side, which leads to the non-ideal characteristics of the measurement side, which can cause security holes.

In response to the non-ideal characteristics of the measurement end, Han Zhengfu's team pointed out the safety problem caused by the detector's back pulse in 2020 (npj QuantumInformation, 6, 100 (2020)), and proposed a source-independent protocol that tolerates the back pulse; Source-independent protocols (Optics Express, 30, 25474-25485 (2022)) with non-ideal characteristics of the existing measurement side are compatible, and the sensitivity of the protocol to these non-ideal factors is further reduced. These works significantly expand the practical application scenarios of source-independent quantum random number generators. However, due to the large amount of noise in the measurement device, it is difficult to fully characterize it, which limits the application of quantum random number generators in complex environments.

03Research innovation point

By combining the uncertainty relation of smooth entropy and the quantum residual hash theorem, the team proposed a novel semi-device independent quantum random number generator (shown in Figure 1), which allows the source to be untrustworthy, It solves the problem that the measurement equipment needs to be characterized from the root.


Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the new semi-device independent quantum random number generator

In this protocol, the source end is controlled by the untrusted producer Eve, and the measurement end is controlled by the trusted user Alice (as shown in Figure 2). In the measurement device, Alice first performs bit flip and base selection operations through a modulation module, and then outputs the original random number through a detection module. Exact characterization of the measurement device is not required in the protocol, only some basic assumptions are needed to limit the type of operation. The researchers proved that the protocol can generate information-theoretically secure random numbers through certain entropy evaluation and randomness extraction operations under the condition that the source end is untrusted and the probe end is uncharacterized.


Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the protocol structure

At the same time, the team carried out an experimental implementation of the protocol (shown in Figure 3). In the experimental scheme, they chose everyday light sources (i.e. halogen lamps) and lasers as light sources to verify the universality and robustness to different light source distributions, since the source side is allowed to be untrustworthy. On the measurement side, the team used phase-encoding techniques more suitable for fiber-optic systems to achieve modulation and base selection.


Fig. 3 Experimental system of new semi-device independent quantum random number generator

Two phase modulators are used for bit inversion and base selection respectively, and two single-photon detectors are used to detect optical signals and output random signals. Since the source end is allowed to be untrusted and the detection end is uncharacterized, the experimental system does not need to measure the parameters of the equipment, and only by analyzing the output results, the number of safe random numbers that can be extracted by the current experimental equipment can be obtained.

In this verification experiment, the resulting random number bit rate is comparable to existing commercial random number generators (as shown in Figure 4), and the security is significantly higher than the latter. Therefore, the experimental results show that the protocol can achieve fast random number generation under the premise of allowing the source to be untrusted and the probe to be uncharacterized.


Figure 4 Experimental and simulation results

04Summary and Outlook

Quantum random number generators play an important role in many tasks such as quantum communication and quantum teleportation. However, although quantum random number generators provide a way to generate true random numbers in principle, in order to move from the laboratory to wide application, it is also necessary to solve the security problems that may be caused by non-ideal equipment under real conditions.

The research results greatly reduce the requirements for device reliability and characterization, and can generate secure random numbers even when the source end is untrustworthy and the detection end cannot be characterized, realizing an important breakthrough in the practical application of quantum random numbers. . In addition, the protocol also ensures the rapid generation of random numbers and the simplicity and practicality of the system, and at the same time achieves high security and high speed, which has important application value in the fields of information security and engineering technology.

The first authors of this work are Lin Xing, a 2022 doctoral graduate of the Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Wang Rong, a 2021 doctoral graduate and a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Hong Kong. The corresponding authors are Professor Wang Shuang and Professor Yin Zhenqiang. This work was supported by start-up funds from the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province, and the University of Hong Kong.

mostonhel said:

If you think this is not good will but some anti-China nonsense, then I have nothing to say.@FairAndUnbiased

"China has a government with far the highest executive power in the world. After 10 years of rectification by Xi Jinping, it is even more disciplined. The key policies decided by the central government seem to have no reason to fail, but the CCP’s system, organization and principles have a fatal weakness; That is academic management. It is precisely because of the lack of academic management that many "scholars" and "experts" have been thoroughly brainwashed by Western propaganda, resulting in excessive macroeconomic regulation in 2009 and miscalculation of Trump's strategic intentions in 2017. In recent years, with the continuous introduction of new reforms by Xi Jinping, some of the problems are gradually getting rid of, but the selection of scientific and technological routes and resource allocation are still serious.

I have been trying my best to discuss the difficulties in academic management in China from a simple and direct perspective, but I must remind everyone that this problem is very deep and broad, and it is not just a fake, flooded reverse elimination, or a few The mountain of interest is defrauding public funds and wasting national strength. Although these phenomena limit the efficiency of independent research and development, greatly increase the difficulty of industrial upgrading and catching up with advanced countries, and thus lower the living standards of countless practitioners, but they are logically the manifestation of another more basic contradiction. That is, the absolute conflict between the current Chinese academic management philosophy and the idea of rational governance.

One of the most fundamental principles of the CCP's rational governance policy since Deng Xiaoping is that power must respect science and reason, and the latter often comes from professional opinions in practice. This principle itself is not wrong, but it also originated from Deng Xiaoping. It was gradually misunderstood and distorted into that power must respect professional bosses, and then further evolved into that power must be given to academics. Of course, such a conclusion can only be established if it is first assumed that scientific achievements are equal to personality intelligence, but the facts are often completely contrary to that assumption: for example, the husband of Lila Gleitman, one of the founders of Psycholinguistics in the 20th century, also felt it: "Great scientists are often not great men." (Lila's answer is: "Yeah. For instance, I'm not a great man." Henry Gleitman, like his wife, is also a professor in the Department of Psychology at U Penn. Lila, however, has a similar level of humor. For example, he once said "God must have loved the C students, because he made so many of them.") This has not taken into account the so-called first-class scientists ("academicians") in China. Internationally, it may not be considered second-rate (see the list of leaders of the Institute of High Energy; some readers may find it rude to say this, but I don't think it is polite to those who are traitors).

These bigwigs have occupied the right to speak on professional issues all over the world, and China has given more political status and management functions. The benign checks and balances of the original Chinese-style huge and powerful bureaucracy can only come from science and rationality (including anti-corruption, which Why is Xi Jinping's Disciplinary Committee extremely strict in collecting evidence?) However, these academic leaders have both political power and professional authority. They not only have absolute and completely unchecked decision-making power on relevant policies, but can also use political energy to further their efforts. Improve professional prestige (for example, through the Central Propaganda Department to suppress criticism and brag about their achievements, and monopolize scientific research budgets to conduct experiments that foreign teams cannot afford but have little scientific significance), and then use professional prestige to deceive more There is a lot of political energy in such an infinite loop; in the process, you can also open some companies by the way, and harvest leeks in the stock market through the boasting of the official media. This is a source of large extra money that political bureaucrats can’t even imagine.

I have said time and again that the goal of politics is the maximization of the public good, and the basis of its practice is rational and professional attitude. Although the CCP is the government with the highest degree of rationality in human society, this logical fallacy that confuses scientific facts with professional authority is a great worry; if it is not corrected as soon as possible, the political and scientific discourse power will be separated. , then there are bound to be more and more outrageous scholars who are selfish and stealing the country. Several fake future technologies that I have criticized for a long time have become the key investment targets of the 14th Five-Year Plan, but this is actually only the inevitable result of the above-mentioned fallacy. cause increasing blood loss. It is urgent to clear the source of the original.
............
The blog has been expecting the sophistry used by vested interests to include Straw Man Fallacy since the early years of trying to debunk fake basic scientific research (such as the Great Collider) and fake future technologies (hydrogen economy, nuclear fusion) that have no real value. (Another target, change the topic), that is to pretend that my criticism is aimed at all basic scientific research and future technology,so the blog post has always provided a comparison in the right direction that is really worth investing in. However, due to political reasons in quantum computing, it was not until this article four months ago that I had enough time to tell the truth, and it was too late to make a complete discussion."

Click to expand...

OK, so the question, is China allocating funding better or worse than competitors?

You mention that particle colliders, hydrogen economy, nuclear fusion have low value and are fraud technologies.



, or 2 years of US fusion funding.

So if fusion is fake, US wasted more money.

.

Is that wasted too? At least hydrogen fuel cell in China helps conventional submarines, US doesn't benefit from that at all.

The fundamental question is comparing who has worse misallocation. Misallocation is inevitable and sometimes only evident after the fact. So it's all about comparison.

FairAndUnbiased said:

OK, so the question, is China allocating funding better or worse than competitors?

You mention that particle colliders, hydrogen economy, nuclear fusion have low value and are fraud technologies.

Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!

Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!

, or 2 years of US fusion funding.

So if fusion is fake, US wasted more money.

Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!

.

Is that wasted too? At least hydrogen fuel cell in China helps conventional submarines, US doesn't benefit from that at all.

The fundamental question is comparing who has worse misallocation. Misallocation is inevitable and sometimes only evident after the fact. So it's all about comparison.

Click to expand...

The right question to be asked is what sort of scientific research should Chinese government should mandate or even the research scientists focus on? What field of science and tech that would bear fruit decades later that bring some sense of guaranteed return of investments or that are likely to bring in economic and scientific dividend for China? None exist and nothing is guaranteed so all this negative Nancy is spewing is just bullshit.

Bellum_Romanum said:

The right question to be asked is what sort of scientific research should Chinese government should mandate or even the research scientists focus on? What field of science and tech that would bear fruit decades later that bring some sense of guaranteed return of investments or that are likely to bring in economic and scientific dividend for China? None exist and nothing is guaranteed so all this negative Nancy is spewing is just bullshit.

Click to expand...

exactly, there are no guarantees in research.

Hydrogen is dumb from an energy perspective right?

But what if it helps a domestic fuel cell AIP SSK program? Still stupid?
Or what if high temperature reactors become the norm? Still stupid?
Or what if a high efficiency hydrogen photocatalyst becomes the norm? Still stupid?
Or what if ammonia becomes a mainstream marine fuel? Still stupid?

And that's just hydrogen.

tphuang said:

this is extremely offensive. I believe in life after death. Does this make me a moron or not believing in science?

Click to expand...

It is intended as a joke. Cheers.

FairAndUnbiased said:

exactly, there are no guarantees in research.

Hydrogen is dumb from an energy perspective right?

But what if it helps a domestic fuel cell AIP SSK program? Still stupid?
Or what if high temperature reactors become the norm? Still stupid?
Or what if a high efficiency hydrogen photocatalyst becomes the norm? Still stupid?
Or what if ammonia becomes a mainstream marine fuel? Still stupid?

And that's just hydrogen.

Click to expand...

Its always better to design and build the road(5g) and ask tollage from the road you build.
Then to be the one paying the toll(5g patent license) because some people though the road would be not profitable.

We heard the same comments some years ago about China building out its high speed rail that it will never be profitable, that it just a jobs program to keep the workers busy because construction boom would stop. Well now we have western commentators complain that high speed is profitable and its not fair. Also now that china wants to export the tech and knowledge, accepting infrastructure loans is a debt trap.

China became the first country to approve a needle-free, inhaled version of a Covid vaccine made by CanSino Biologics, pushing the company’s shares up as much as 14.5% in Hong Kong.

sunnymaxi said:

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China became the first country to approve a needle-free, inhaled version of a Covid vaccine made by CanSino Biologics, pushing the company’s shares up as much as 14.5% in Hong Kong.

Click to expand...

Effective after one breath.

sunnymaxi said:

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China became the first country to approve a needle-free, inhaled version of a Covid vaccine made by CanSino Biologics, pushing the company’s shares up as much as 14.5% in Hong Kong.

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Hopefully, it will be a more pleasant experience than getting the needle.