German Energy Reprieve Too Little, Too Late to Save Factory Jobs
With gas prices down from record highs, Germany has seen a surge of optimism that the worst of the energy crisis has passed. But for the country’s biggest industrial producers, the long-term picture remains dismal.
Companies including BASF SE, Dow Inc. and Lanxess AG are poised to cut thousands of jobs and shift investment out of Germany because they don’t expect Berlin to reliably provide the energy they need at prices close to those they once paid for Russian pipeline gas.
“We are no longer competitive in Germany,” Lanxess Chief Executive Officer Matthias Zachert said at a recent conference organized by Die Welt newspaper. The Cologne-based chemical maker plans to maintain its production sites in North Rhine-Westphalia, “but our investments to grow further will go to more competitive locations like the US.”
Germany is in an all-out push to secure enough affordable energy to keep its industrial base from shrinking. Business confidence has risen in recent weeks after a patch of unseasonably warm weather and the early completion of a liquefied natural gas terminal helped push down prices and avoid possible rationing and blackouts.
The reprieve has some manufacturers breathing a sigh of relief: automotive giants Mercedes-Benz AG and Volkswagen AG were primarily concerned that fuel rationing would deal a blow to finely-calibrated supply chains.
But Germany hasn’t received direct Russian gas imports since September — a dramatic shift considering Moscow accounted for more than half of German gas imports before the invasion of Ukraine. With virtually no prospect of those imports resuming, the outlook for German chemical, glass and building-material companies, where gas and electricity can account for a third of costs, remains bleak.
Even after recent declines, German energy prices remain substantially higher than in rival manufacturing zones in the US and Asia.