With multiple receiving antennae, you should always be able to deconstruct the direction and strength of any individual signals.
You can't change time difference that occurs when incoming signals reach the different an antennae.
On constructive/deconstructive interference of signals, think back to high school physics classes showing the pattern of constructive/destructive waves caused by light. Unless your jammer is directly between the GPS receiver and original source (a satellite), you can't generate the jamming signals to fool all of the GPS receivers.
Also consider the line of sight required to jam a low-flying missile.
GPS signals are not a location information transmission, GPS signals are not tight beams, and a typical GPS receiver is not a directional antenna.
No, GPS antennas are usually omnidirectional. This means that they can receive and transmit signals from and to different directions equally.
The GPS signal is transmitted with right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) meaning that GPS antennas are usually RHCP and omnidirectional. The near hemispherical radiation pattern of these antennas means that the satellite signal can be received in any direction across the arc of the sky, from zenith to horizon.
GPS signals do not encode any ground position information within them, only satellite's own time and position data, and satellites own position data is extrapolated, not measured. The only measured data within a GPS signal is the local satellite time encoded by its atomic clock. This means that all GPS satellites are broadcasters by the physical principle of operation.
so you cannot 'only receive GPS signals from space' because 1. GPS receivers do not have angle resolving capability 2. GPS signals aren't ground position signals, they're broadcast timestamps and satellite position signals. They require multiple satellites within line of sight to work by principle of triangulation. All triangulation calculations are done within the receiver.
if a GPS satellite is broadcasting right above the horizon, then the receiver will use it. there is no way for the receiver to distinguish it from an aircraft broadcasting the same signals from the same point on the horizon.