Lessons for China to learn from Ukraine conflict for Taiwan scenario

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solarz

Brigadier
It has the potential to be existential, economically.

e.g. Such tectonic shifts might effect the reserve status of the US dollar.

The Pacific may not be existential for America, but it is existential for Pax-Americana.

Keyword being "might".

In actuality, the current Ukraine developments have far more potential to end the reign of the petrodollar than a Taiwan conflict.
 

Mohsin77

Senior Member
Registered Member
In actuality, the current Ukraine developments have far more potential to end the reign of the petrodollar than a Taiwan conflict.

That would only be true if the Taiwan conflict doesn't trigger a US-China war. And that would only happen if the US withdraws from the Pacific unilaterally (in which case, the question of the USD being the reserve currency is moot anyway.)

In any other scenario, the idea that the US will avoid going to war with China over Taiwan is an exceedingly optimistic assumption that the PLA is clearly not making. If the PLA was assuming that, it probably would've already invaded Taiwan.
 

solarz

Brigadier
That would only be true if the Taiwan conflict doesn't trigger a US-China war. And that would only happen if the US withdraws from the Pacific unilaterally (in which case, the question of the USD being the reserve currency is moot anyway.)

In any other scenario, the idea that the US will avoid going to war with China over Taiwan is an exceedingly optimistic assumption that the PLA is clearly not making. If the PLA was assuming that, it probably would've already invaded Taiwan.

I disagree completely.

The reason China hasn't initiated armed reunification is not because of a fear of the US. The Chinese government simply has no wish to inflict death and suffering upon the people of Taiwan unless absolutely necessary in order to preserve Chinese territorial integrity. It is also why China spelled out the conditions for armed reunification in its laws.

People forget that even in the 90s, the PLA had plans for retaking Taiwan in the eventuality of an independence declaration. The focus was on a decapitation strike in order to present the US with a fait accompli. This shows that the PLA does not see a US-China conflict over Taiwan as inevitable.

In fact, if you watch Chinese SMEs, the common consensus is that Taiwan is not a core interest of the US.
 

Shadow_Whomel

Junior Member
Registered Member
I will post my Quora answer to here on this question. It is a few months old and it got quite a lot of upvotes there.

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Is China now reevaluating their military strategy against the West given how abysmal Russia is doing in Ukraine?

I think many of the events in Ukraine have shown China that its way was correct. China’s military procurement started differing from Russia's around 15 years ago. The national strategy was always different. Some of the key points:

1- China avoids war and security guarantees (read: alliances) if possible. Ukraine has shown again that war is risky and expensive. It must be avoided if possible. And there is only a single place that China may hit first, Taiwan.

2- The USSR’s airforce was a supporting force to the army. Russia continued that. China, starting in the early 2010s, made its airforce the center of its military. Long bombardments before land operations, and air superiority as a strategic goal have been hallmarks of the US military strategy. China adopted the same 10–15 years ago too. Looking at what happened in Ukraine, air support and aerial surveillance are indeed very important.

View attachment 89620
The distribution of Chinese military related labs according to their primary research domain. The graph is from American publications. The focus on the airforce is very visible even at the research level.

3- Importance of UAVs and satellites for surveillance. China has been procuring a lot of these, which turned out to be another good choice. UAVs are turning out to be very useful in a conventional war too, unlike most had predicted.

View attachment 89621
The CH-5 Rainbow… With its new engine, it has 120 hours of endurance. Perfect for observation and counter-insurgency/anti-ambush

4- Importance of securing the borders of the enemy to prevent the inflow of weapons. China has been working on this a lot too. China’s desire to be able to blockade Taiwan even despite American intervention is among the greatest reasons behind the PLAN’s rapid growth.

View attachment 89622
All of these were acquired in just 2021. There is half a Japanese navy in firepower here. This is still like just 40% of what China acquired in the last 5 years.

5- Importance of shutting down enemy communications and lowering enemy morale… Social media was used to bolster morale for the war in Ukraine to a tremendous effect. China has been procuring a lot of psychological warfare aircraft capable of jamming civilian TV, radio, satellite and GSM signals. These aircraft are also capable of broadcasting PRC propaganda to said devices and releasing leaflets. China has been procuring carbon filament warheads to short circuit grid stations too. If China doesn’t already have them, it will definitely procure capabilities to cut underwater internet cables (which facilitate much of the international communication) fast.

View attachment 89623
Y-8XZ. The aircraft I described

View attachment 89624
Conductive fiber warhead for export


6- Importance of shock and awe tactics and usefulness of ballistic missiles… Both Russia and the USA used a lot of long-range missiles during their wars in the last 20 years. It benefited both of them. China currently sits on top of the second largest cruise missile and largest ballistic missile arsenal in the world. And ballistic missiles turned out to be very hard to intercept indeed. The vast majority of them are penetrating defenses in Ukraine despite the S-300's very significant anti-ballistic missile capabilities.

7- Importance of military communications, joint operations, and decentralized command. China has been big on these too. Lower level units are increasingly obtaining more capabilities and autonomy. The PLA’s organization based on domain branches (land, air, sea, etc…) was abolished and theater commands were established. Each branch had its own Office of Generals. These were merged into a single joint office with 15 specialized departments. These mean that the existence of the airforce, navy, etc… is nothing but peacetime bureaucracy now. During wartime, the entire PLA is a single branch organized around theater commands. Communications are getting investment too. Nowadays even trucks in the PLA have SATCOM terminals.

8- This one is not related to the military but is still very important in order to decrease the economic impact of the war. Developing domestic alternatives to all foreign tech… The government was a big proponent of this for a long time. The private sector was hesitant. Trump made it so much easier to convince the private sector.

9- Morale. China is in an inherently better position than Russia since it runs a fully volunteer military. Even then the PLA started investing in soldier accommodations a lot.

View attachment 89625
PLA soldier dormitories close to the Sino-Indian border in the Himalayas.

Some things China probably did wrong:

1- Neglecting infantry… The infantry has been at the lowest end of the modernization priority for a long time. The PLA almost views it obsolete. It is being proven to be critically important in Ukraine.

2- China has been shifting its focus from amphibious forces to airborne forces in the last few years. Airborne forces being proven to be lacking in the bite in Ukraine. The PLA may re-shift its focus again.

3- Too much focus on long-range guided munitions… Almost nothing is known about China’s guided bomb inventory. There are no known large orders by the PLA despite the huge variety of such munitions displayed by the Chinese defense industry in exhibitions. Some even got exported in large numbers but we don’t know if the PLA has them in numbers. The opposite is the case for long range guided missiles. The PLA has a lot of them. If there is no proper guided bomb inventory, the PLA might have to use dumb bombs or expensive missiles. Both of these situations are not ideal.

4- Neglecting urban combat… In Ukraine, the Russian strategy to encircle cities is using a lot of manpower. Worse, there are paramilitary forces and militias in these cities who keep harassing Russian supply lines. So the avoidance of urban combat is slowing Russia outside built-up areas too. China can not bet on avoiding urban combat anymore. It has to prepare for it.

5- Straight to Taipei arguments… Those arguments weren’t very common but I guess they will cease to exist after all of this.

Ugly part: China may be getting lessons that Western commentators wouldn’t like.

1- Nuclear brinkmanship… The USA and NATO definitely have enough power to kick Russia out of Ukraine, but we all know they will never try it for the obvious reason. China is in a much better condition in the Pacific. It doesn’t border 28 relatively powerful NATO members. But the USA may still try its chance militarily against China. At least this is the impression we have. The risk of annihilation is less. Unfortunately, we are very likely to see massive growth in China’s nuclear arsenal. I mean really massive. It may be followed by an explicit declaration of how many nukes China has (China didn’t give any numbers since the 80s), then by the cancellation of no-first-use policy during a crisis.

2- Foreign public perception. It will be horrible. There are no ways around it. This may cause a change in China’s behavior. Its threshold for violence may increase a lot. If there is no further economic and political loss from using more violence then using more is usually better. This makes a shock and awe style operation more likely. Also, it seems being explicit rather than trying to downplay the war gets more respect. Russia’s “special military operation” phrase is widely getting mocked for example.

Later addition: This article was recently published by the Japanese Ministry of Defence.

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It confirms my claim on the Chinese command structure. Army, Navy, and Airforce don’t really exist anymore. Instead, there are regional commands which have control over all assets in their region from the seabed to the air. This is similar to the US Unified combatant commands but it seems China unified the branches even more.
“苞米干事立功了!” (Confidentiality officers do a great job), their comments on your views
 

Mohsin77

Senior Member
Registered Member
The Chinese government simply has no wish to inflict death and suffering upon the people of Taiwan unless absolutely necessary in order to preserve Chinese territorial integrity. It is also why China spelled out the conditions for armed reunification in its laws.

So... if China doesn't really care about unifying Taiwan, and the US doesn't really care about defending Taiwan, then Taiwan would never declare independence anyway, and thus, there will never be a war over Taiwan....

I guess all these Taiwan war threads are a total waste of time then.
 

supersnoop

Major
Registered Member
So... if China doesn't really care about unifying Taiwan, and the US doesn't really care about defending Taiwan, then Taiwan would never declare independence anyway, and thus, there will never be a war over Taiwan....

I guess all these Taiwan war threads are a total waste of time then.
The danger is if the US declares independence for them (like fomerly-fat mikey wanted)
 

supersnoop

Major
Registered Member
how would that work? would they sidestep tsai?
I mean like a defacto declaration like opening an embassy, appointing an ambassador, US presidential visit, formally declaring end of one-China policy, etc.
Would they sidestep Tsai (or whoever else is in power)? Honestly, who knows? Before Kelly Craft's airplane was turned around, obviously the Tsai administration must have known she was coming, was Tsai just rolling the dice? Following orders? I don't have the answer on that one.
 

Shadow_Whomel

Junior Member
Registered Member
Firstly, I don't think arguing about whether Taiwan matters in this thread fits in with this one.

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Secondly, Taiwan's value lies in what China gets it will gain and what it will pay for if it doesn't. I think one of the costs of not getting it is

the Communist Party's inability to clearly describe the history between the Xinhai Revolution and the retreat of the KMT to Taiwan, out of

a need for unification with Taiwan. The result is the low legitimacy of the Communist government, because while it overthrew the previous

government it failed to completely destroy it, and it also failed to clearly portray the need for itself to be in power vis-à-vis the previous

government. In Shanghai textbooks, for example, descriptions of the war against Japan are limited to the two battles initiated by the

Eighth Route Army, namely the Battle of Pingxingguan and the Battle of the Hundred Regiments, and the rest are the major battles of

the KMT army. If this is all you teach the next generation, then you will have the impression that the Chinese Communist army did not

do anything in the war against Japan and how such a government could be in power.

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Thirdly, I think some members have unrealistic illusions about the Taiwanese army, and about China's too, let's put that in the next

paragraph. Ukraine has proved that a small group of extremists can hold an entire army hostage and continue to fight. Many members

of the Ukrainian Territorial Defence Brigade are recruited precisely because they are soft, they will not resist, and it is because they are

soft that they are afraid to desert and surrender. It took courage to desert and surrender, and the result was that they were left alive in

their positions to be blown up by Russian artillery fire. I think the same will happen to the Taiwanese army, it is because of their

cowardice that they will be forced to continue to resist until they die, rather than collapse at the first touch as some members think.

Also the Taiwanese army is far more underhanded than some members can imagine, their schools are built directly next to military

installations and it goes without saying as to what they are used for. Recent exercises in Taiwan have deployed tanks in

the Matsu temple, move your hands and you will find pictures. If your military doesn't care about the lives of its own civilians, why

should I? Even these civilians are willing to vote for these parties, the pro-unification New Party did not even get 2% of the votes, so

why should I care if you don't even care about your own life?

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Fourthly, there are unrealistic illusions about the Chinese army. Some members like to use the example of liberating Shanghai without

the use of heavy weapons. I think this example no longer makes sense. Shanghai was the financial centre of the country at the time,

and taking it intact would have been good for stabilising prices across the country, so may I ask if Taipei had the same value? Not really.

Also as times change, technical equipment becomes more valuable, as do human lives. During the Liberation War the Chinese

Communist army did not have so many technical weapons and could have had a fighting chance with rifles, but now if technical

weapons are lost the army effectively loses its fighting power. If heavy weapons are not used against the cities of Taiwan, then there is

no doubt that there will be a huge loss of technical weapons, and China does not have such a large stockpile of tanks and infantry

vehicles as Russia does, and the army will be out of action for a much longer period of time. In summary I think that if we fight Taiwan

we will definitely use heavy weapons in the cities.
 
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