It's very simply really. Iran's philosophy is inspired by the general philosophy of the Islamic world that arose near the terminal phase of European colonialism: resistance to oppression and anti-colonialism. Just that Iran is the only one that actually managed to implement it at the state level.
Everybody inside and outside the region see Israel as the European intruder, colonist. Some states in the region are just not interested enough in resisting the imperialism which gives rise to locals forming anti-state and anti-Israel "radical", "extremist" groups who decide to take matters into their own hands due to the government's ineptitude. Religion also plays a major role here as active resistance to oppression is a major tenet of Islam at it's core.
If Iran, today, decided to mend ways with Israel, then it would become one of many Islamic countries ripe with anti-state insurgent groups that weaken the state itself (i.e. Pakistan).
It's a piece of paper taped to the screen.
Maybe the Russians hand delivered a letter asking Iran to escalate, as that would mean NATO losing focus on Ukraine (which is already happening).
I suggest you take a good read on the '
Jewish Question' which took Europe many centuries to solve. That would help explain who is losing what and the actual ramifications of a destructed Israel.