Chinese SAM

szbd

Junior Member
something on HQ-9A, not sure if it's true or not

中国强大的新型HQ-9A令西方战机胆寒

据台湾媒体报道,解放军的HQ-9A(红旗九改)地空导弹2001年1月已实际部署地面部队,而解放军海军大型防空舰正在把HQ-9A的海军型搬上舰,就是HHQ-9A,成为中国海军舰队远程区域防空的主力弹种,其最大射程200千米,最大射高40千米,绝对超过美制宙斯盾舰与基德舰上配备的标准-2型防空导弹的70千米的射程,甚至超过了美制爱国者-3型的180千米的最大射距,成为独立于美俄欧系防空导弹家族的另一极。

Just saying that HQ-9A SAM first appeared in 2001 and placed on 052C. It's maximum range is 200 KM, maximum altitude is 40 km, even greater than the range of SM-2 and PAC-3

据传,HQ-9A在1997年少量服役,曾在国土防空作战中参与战备值班,并击落过高空侦察气球和无人侦察机。1999年7月,经过进一步改良的HQ-9首次在西北靶场试射成功?同年8月下旬,在高海拔地区举行靶射,当相控阵雷达在远距(300千米处)发现目标后立即跟踪锁定,导弹随即升空击碎靶机。随后,HQ-9在乌云密布和强风中把来自高中低空不同类型,不同方向的靶机击碎,在场观看的空军司令员刘顺尧上将对其高原作战性能和雷达电子系统快速反应能力留下了深刻印象,并给予高度评价。

- claims to have entered service in small numbers in 1997?
- in July 1999, the improved HQ-9 first successfully intercepted in NorthWest China
- in august in an high altitude test, the phased array radar found target 300 km from the target, tracked it and hit the target
- the high altitude capability and reaction time left good impression
HQ-9的雷达电子设备相当先进可*,发展潜力很大,相比之下,光是数字化显示控制台技术,S-300系列就比其落后5-10年的差距。为了使综合性能超过S-300,HQ-9又有了推进系统的技术革新,如建立了HTPB高能固体燃料生产线?采用高强度纤维/环氧复合材料发动机壳?把高冲质比喷管技术实用化,采用新产品全面减轻结构重量,把制导由“惯性+指令+TVM”改进成“惯性+指令+主动雷达导引”等。改进后的HQ-9A一跃成为世界先进的双重用途(反飞机与反导弹,含战术弹道导弹)防空导弹系统。
- The HQ-9 radar is very advanced, has good improvement potential, all digital control system, S-300's control system is 5-10 years behind this, the integrated capability surpasses that of S-300, HQ-9 uses improved technology
- guidance changed from "inertial guidance+midcourse correction+TVM" to "guidance+correction+ARH"
- the modified HQ-9A became an advanced (anti-aircraft, anti-missile, anti-bm?) SAM
HQ-9A的强大抗干扰能力,远大的杀伤空域,巨大的弹头威力(180千克),和潜在的后续发展,使台湾当局“决战境外”的所谓“新战略”成为一厢情愿的自欺欺人的空谈。最近台湾军头曾哀叹,从今以后台战机过海峡中线已成为不可能,其所指明意上是S-300PMUI,然而实际上是指HQ-9A,特别是以IDF携载新式天剑-2A(TJ-2A)反辐射空地导弹进行防空压制的“野鼬小组”更是胆战心惊!这是因为台湾的所谓二代战机的电子干扰能力不能有效干扰HQ-9A的大型相控阵雷达(发射机峰值功率1000千瓦,平均功率60千瓦),该雷达采用全相参脉冲间频率捷变(FA)技术排除瞄准式干扰,针对主波束和旁瓣对消天线具有极佳空间选择能力?具有抗杂波干扰,欺骗式干扰,消除消极干扰,诱骗反辐射导弹能力?另外HQ-9A的雷达发射功率异常强大,其发出的电磁波具有美俄与欧洲雷达所没有的“烧穿能力”,能够完全压制机动能力极强的航空平台的小功率干扰机,如台湾IDF(台湾自制“经国号”)机载小功率干扰机,美制F-16,甚至法制幻影2000V型和最新型F-22的机载小功率干扰机也可以被其有效压制,综合电子反制(ECCM)能力极强。因此,中国绝对有理由为拥有一代天骄HQ-9A而自豪.
- has a huge warhead (180 kg)
- ROCAF is more afriad of HQ-9A than S-300PMU1?
- TJ-2A ARM might have problem with this
- the 2nd generation ROCAF fighters (IDF, F-16, M2K)'s ECM will not be able to disrupt the powerful radar of HQ-9A

These are basically copy from an article published in 2005 on a taiwan magazine.
 

dollarman

New Member
The patriot missile is a defensive missile, not an offensive. how you gonna counter a defensive missile... perhaps you are confusing the patriot with other missile right? don't worrie I get confuse to! maybe you mean Tomahawks missiles (that is an offensive U.S. missile)?

I think he was mocking the fact that seeing how the patriot is a interceptor missle, china would not be buying s-300's to counter it. He was saying that News max is grossly inaccurate by claiming China bought s-300's to shoot down patriot.


If this article (which I find a stretch to believe) is true, does it imply the end of s-300 orders of any model, including PMU-2?
 

adeptitus

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Is there a Vertical Launch variant of the HQ-7 under development? I think such a system would be a pretty good short-range SAM for future scenarios - like the development of MICA VL and IRIS-T SL. I've heard some stuff about a Chinese vertical launch short-range SAM called the HQ-17(?).

Going back to the HQ-7 VLS question, there were many speculations on HQ-7 VLS being deployed on 054/054A FFG's couple years ago. But I think the PLAN is going with a different system on the 054A.
 

szbd

Junior Member
I think a verticle launching then turning will suck up the missile's range? So HQ-7 need to be verified badly to be fitted in VLS.
 

tphuang

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apparently, this is from June 19th edition of PLA Daily
just basically describes a new type of Chinese SAM in training and how easy it is to operate from command center. You can just click on the tracked targets and it will show you the flight information and then choose to engage it.
中国新型地空导弹战斗操作演练:就像使傻瓜相机

中国新型地空导弹战斗操作演练:就像使傻瓜相机
2007年06月19日 来源:解放军报

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  没想到,某新型地空导弹操作起来,就像使用傻瓜相机一样“简单”。

  日前,记者来到北空某导弹营,亲身体验了我国自主研制的某新型地空导弹战斗操作演练。

  训练场上,地空导弹发射装置直指蓝天,威风凛凛。营长苏垣生对记者说:“过去导弹发射多采用倾斜式,打击范围只能是前方的扇区,好似‘弯弓射箭’,而这种新型地空导弹集发射架、导弹、牵引车于一体,采取垂直弹射,可以全方位攻击目标。”



  进入新型地空导弹系统的指挥控制方舱,记者在连长党小玉的要求下,换上了特制的防尘拖鞋。作为“神经中枢”,方舱对卫生、温度等方面的要求极为细致。记者细细打量舱内,除了计算机,四周满是各类仪表和按钮。

  此时,由模拟系统产生的目标向导弹阵地袭来。“发现‘敌’机!”操作员宋县宾一边报告,一边用鼠标把目标锁定。荧屏上立刻出现了目标的高度、方位、速度等参数。

  突然,荧屏上出现了大量雪花。“这是对手实施电磁干扰”,连长党小玉对记者说。见此情景,操作员宋县宾飞快地敲击键盘,反击指令源源不断发出。一场攻防在静悄悄地进行。

  荧屏变得清晰了,“敌”机再次被锁定,各种技术参数随着目标的移动不断变化。当“敌”机刚进入射击范围,苏营长果断下令:“发射!”闻令而动,操作员俞良壮迅速按下红色发射按钮。只见显示屏上一个三角状的“导弹”模拟图,由底部向目标方向飞去。在三角状的“导弹”和“敌”机接触的一刹那,“敌”机消失在显示屏上。“装备是越来越先进了,操作可是越来越简单了。”记者体验整个战斗操作演练过程,感觉就像打电子游戏一样轻松。

  “从形式上说,操作表面上看是越来越简单了,可对官兵的素质要求越来越高,战斗作风要求越来越严。”教导员王超对记者说。他接着给记者举了一个例子:该型导弹刚配发部队时,曾有两架战车的传输系统中断,开始一些有经验的官兵都认为故障出在电缆接触不良上,其实真正的故障是计算机间的“IP地址码”丢失,导致目标信号发送受阻。

  “确实是这样”,苏营长在一边插话道:“随着科技含量的增高,新装备确实呈现出‘傻瓜化’的操作趋势,操作起来是简单了,但里面包含的原理却是越来越复杂了,对操作规范性和维护科学性的要求是越来越严格了,一点人为的失误就会导致整个战局被动。”

  走出方舱,记者联想到一句广告词:简约而不简单!也许,用这句话形容某新型地空导弹的战斗操作演练再恰当不过了。

  内行看门道

  -北空某师装备部部长 徐勇

  地空导弹,是未来国土防空的重要作战兵器。某新型地空导弹系统集雷达搜索、数据传输、跟踪锁定、导弹发射等多种作战功能于一身。要充分发挥这把“利剑”的威力,我们必须更新观念、创新思维,努力提高官兵素质,真正实现新装备由分散配置向系统集成转变,作战能力由阵地固守型向机动全方位转变。 (李建文)
 

Totoro

Major
VIP Professional
Speaking of chinese sam, parent site of this forum has updated the s-300 info section. What i find very weird is that the number of batteries acquired has jumped from 12-20 (in the previous version of the text) to 32 in the present version. It sure would be nice (and more professional) if all the sources for the entries were listed on the site, as well.
 

Lastsalvo

Just Hatched
Registered Member
Well if one takes this report into account:

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then we have to assume that China is already coming to grips with the development of a potent SAM system. They may have trouble digesting all the complicated info they got and exploiting it, but China has already shown quite an affinity for rapid modernisation (not only visible in the military, but throughout many civilian industries as well). I think by the end of this decade, or the beginning of the next, we'll b seeing some pretty impressive systems being rolled out (although let's hope they'll never have to be put into action against a target like the B-2 or the F-22a).
 

tphuang

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this is kind of interesting on the Chinese air defense radar, dylan posted this on CDF. I don't think this is too much of a surprise, since they've been working on this for the recent times.
Its always been said in the past the the PRC lacks an integrated air defence system and instead has to rely on point defence.

Beijing, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) -- A senior military officer has told Xinhua that a network of air defence radars which is able to provide seamless surveillance to all Chinese territorial airspace has been completed.

Fang Lei, of the air force headquarters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA), said the network could serve in all-weather conditions.

Air defence radars have been manufactured and deployed by the PLA since 1950 and relied on as the "first line of air defence".

Air defence radar troops are among the high-tech intensive arms of the PLA services, Fang said, revealing that 85 percent of the officers in the arm held bachelor degrees or above.

More than 60 percent of air defence radars under human operation were deployed in regions with tough natural environment such as islands and highlands, the officer said.

The detection ability and overall capacity of the PLA's air defence radar network were "very close" to those of developed countries, he said.

With the PLA's modernization, the air defence radar arm would also provide support to the air force's offensive missions, and to other PLA services, Fang said.
 
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balance

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This is also confirmed in NY Times
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October 11, 2007
China Announces Gains in Air Defense
By DAVID LAGUE
BEIJING, Oct. 10 — The blanket of China’s air defense radar now almost matches similar networks in developed countries, state media reported today, in an announcement that coincided with Taiwan’s first National Day military parade in 16 years.

A senior officer from Chinese Air Force headquarters, Fang Lei, said a seamless network of all-weather air defense radars had been installed to cover all Chinese airspace, according to a report on the Web site of the official military newspaper, the Liberation Army Daily.

The network’s detection and surveillance capability was “very close” to those deployed in developed countries and could also assist Chinese forces in offensive operations, the report quoted Mr. Fang as saying.

The development of a high-performance air defense system to complement China’s increasingly potent surface-to-air missiles and jet fighter interceptors has been a top priority for the People’s Liberation Army, military experts say.

Senior Taiwanese and American military officers have acknowledged the improvement in Chinese air defenses as a significant indication of the country’s rapid modernization of its military.

This system is a direct challenge for self-governing Taiwan as it seeks to counter the mainland’s growing military power. China regards the democratic island as part of its territory and has threatened to use force under a range of circumstances, including in the case of a formal declaration of independence by the government in Taipei.

In a televised National Day speech today, Taiwan’s pro-independence president, Chen Shui-bian, called on the international community to demand that China withdraw its missiles aimed at the island and halt threatening military exercises.

He also called on China to follow Taiwan’s example and adopt democracy.

“We believe that only through China’s democratic awakening can there be lasting peace in the world,” he said.

Tensions between the two sides have been mounting over the determination of Mr. Chen and his governing Democratic Progressive Party to press ahead with a public referendum on the island’s bid to enter the United Nations under the name of Taiwan rather than its official title, the Republic of China.

Senior Chinese officials have condemned the referendum as a step toward independence and warned of dangerous consequences for Taiwan.

Mr. Chen’s decision to revive the traditional military parade, on the day that commemorates the 1911 overthrow of China’s last imperial dynasty, was an effort to draw attention to the threat facing Taiwan, analysts said.

It was also aimed at galvanizing support for the ruling party ahead of legislative and presidential elections next year.

China holds its national day on Oct. 1, the date the ruling Communist Party proclaimed the People’s Republic of China in 1949.

In 1991, Taiwan’s ruling Kuomintang party halted the parades in an effort to placate Beijing.

As part of its military response to China’s buildup, Taiwan has developed a long-range, land-attack cruise missile with sufficient range to strike targets as far away as Shanghai.

There had been speculation that this missile would be paraded today alongside Taiwan’s other advanced hardware, but officials in Taipei said early this week that the weapon was still under development and would not go on display.

China has yet to react to Taiwan’s missile plan, but the Bush administration has said it is opposed to offensive missiles on either side of the Taiwan Strait.

Most analysts expect Taiwan to continue development of the missile, which would have a payload of 400 kilograms, or 882 pounds, and a range of up to 1,000 kilometers, or 621 miles, according to defense analysts and reports in military journals.

Up to 500 of the missiles could be deployed on mobile launchers on Taiwan and on the island’s warships, analysts said.

Up to the end of last year, China had about 900 short-range ballistic missiles deployed opposite Taiwan, according to the Pentagon’s annual report on China’s military published in May.

Senior governing party officials in Taiwan reject suggestions that the new missile is an offensive weapon. At a time when China’s air defenses are improving, they say, the missile would give the island’s armed forces the option of striking back at crucial military and strategic targets on the mainland if China launched an attack.

“Defense means we should be able to strike back, at least taking out their military targets to prevent second- or third-wave attacks,” said Lai I-chung, director of the Democratic Progressive Party’s Department of International Affairs. “Missiles are relatively easy and cheap and will help us meet this need.”

Until the early 1990s, when China’s military hardware was largely obsolete by Western standards, Taiwan’s more advanced strike aircraft could be expected to carry out that role.

But analysts in Taiwan say that the island’s American- and French-made strike aircraft could no longer be assured of penetrating China’s air defenses.

In addition to sophisticated surface-to-air missiles, the Chinese Air Force now has hundreds of advanced Russian-designed fighters.

And earlier this year, China unveiled a locally developed fighter that compares favorably with its current Western counterparts, according to military specialists.

As the military balance shifted in China’s favor, it was difficult for people in Taiwan to accept the Bush administration’s opposition to the new missile, Mr. Lai said. Senior defense officials in Taiwan have argued for decades that the island needs to have the capability to strike targets in China.

China’s arms buildup could also pose challenges to the United States if it is drawn into a conflict with Beijing over Taiwan. The commander of American forces in Japan, Lt. Gen. Bruce Wright, told The Associated Press earlier this month that China’s air defenses were now almost impenetrable to the American F-15 and F-16 aircraft stationed in Asia.

Only the stealthy F-22 or the Joint Strike Fighter still under development could carry out missions over China, he said.

“Our planes are much older than the planes they would be matched against,” Mr. Wright said, the Associated Press reported.

“For the first time in history, we are seeing another nation, in this case China, with newer fighters than we have.”
 

tphuang

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南京军区高炮团的可打击巡航导弹的"瞄-10B雷达"曝光

这是南京军区某高炮团的新型“瞄-10B雷达“,可以打击巡航导弹:

近距离光电瞄准+超视距离扑捉目标

57毫米高射炮,战斗全重11吨,最高射距18000米,我国典型的中空防御高炮。

100毫米高射炮最高射距22000米,当年那架F117就是被它搞来的。
mentions this new radar called 瞄-10B against cruise missiles. This will be a large part of the air defense network in China I guess.

我军现役雷达对“战斧”的发现距离:

巡航导弹的雷达反射面积很小,按照美国官方公布的数据,“战斧”巡航导弹的雷达反射面积只有0.05平方米。我军各类雷达对其发现距离如下:

瞄-5:: 17.82公里
瞄-10B::11.168公里

当采用传统的无线电方式时,距离为15公里,用有线电缆为500米。

90式35毫米×2高炮:902毫米波火控雷达,作用距离在8公里左右。

74SD式37毫米×2高炮:5M-1A光电指挥仪,最大作用距离18公里。

80式57毫米×2自行高炮:59-03式指挥仪,最大作用距离30公里。

59式100毫米高炮:59-01式指挥仪,最大作用距离31615米,瞄-5型雷达:对雷达反射面积0.05平方米的“战斧”发现距离为:17.82公里。
just mentions that tomahawk like missiles have very low RCS like 0.05 sqm
The tracking range for 瞄-10B against tomahawk is 11.168 km.
 
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