Bank loans are indeed how businesses in China are financed. Equity is only 1 way to raise money.And what are banks doing with their saving accounts? They have two options - investing in the same intangible stock market or make shadow lending to CCP related oligarchs
China having high levels of competition is nothing novel. Yet emigration is down from historical levels and there is gain on the highest elite talents: PHD holding scientists and professors.Thought so, but it's getting boring, all the same mantra here about the growing economy as the world is laughing at China as company valuations are making lower extremes 4th year in a row and Chinese entrepreneurs are begging USA to spare them from blacklisting. It's a sad story for China because if you are weak and clueless your enemy feels it and becomes bolder.
If all these cities are so prosperous why are so many Chinese trying to settle in EU and USA? It's because they will have higher standard of living there. I personally have Chinese friends who tell me how many people compete for a place in China, how difficult it is, low food and air quality, etc. This might change but it depends on the direction in which China is steered and recently it's towards isolation .. which reminds me of North Korea - during the 1950/1960 was doing better than South Korea but everyone can see what happened next with one man deciding everything policy.
China is gaining not only ethnic Chinese researchers but also attracting non-Chinese talent:
actually, the net trade in talent ends up being positive for both sides. US says they want . China says it wants immigration of top scientific talent.
Both sides got their stated goals. I don't see why you're so angry.