Chinese Economics Thread

delft

Brigadier
Re: China lands $7 billion Chad railway contract

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Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) and Chadian President Idriss Deby Itno (R) review the honor guards made of the three services of the Chinese People's Liberation Army during the welcome ceremony for the latter on Tian'anmen Square in Beijing, Sept. 20, 2007. Deby arrived here Thursday morning, starting his state visit to China. [photo: Xinhua]

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Map of Chad

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"China lands $7 billion Chad railway contract
by Staff Writers
N'Djamena (AFP) March 14, 2011

Chad signed on Monday a $7-billion (five-billion-euro) contract with China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation (CCECC) to build a railway in the oil-producing nation.

Infrastructure and Transport Minister Adoum Younousmi said construction should begin next year of the first two lines of the 1,344 kilometres (835 miles) of railway, linking the country with neighbouring Sudan and Cameroon for transportation of goods.


A second phase would link the two lines via the capital N'Djamena.

China will finance the construction of the railways and the mode of repayment will be decided later.

Chad, which only began to produce oil in 2003, launched a major programme of public works construction in 2009."
When choosing the way to transport Chad's oil to the ocean, the oil company build a pipeline, because that was cheaper, neglecting the advantage of a railway for the development of Chad's economy. Now at last comes the railway.
 

Martian

Senior Member
Chavez Inks $4 Billion Development Deals With China

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President Hugo Chavez of Venezuela

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Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez meets with representatives from China's Citic Group and the Industrial & Commercial Bank of China (ICBC), the world's largest bank.

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President Hugo Chavez gives his approval for $4 billion dollars of contracts with China.

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"Chavez Inks Development Deals With China; Suspends Nuclear Program
By Ezequiel Minaya Of DOW JONES NEWSWIRES
MARCH 16, 2011, 12:36 A.M. ET

CARACAS (Dow Jones)--Venezuela signed several development deals Tuesday worth a total of $4 billion with China's Citic Group and the Industrial & Commercial Bank of China for projects in the oil sector, mining, finance and construction in the South American nation.

A Chinese delegation headed by Citic Group President and Vice Chairman Tian Guoli met with Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez and his Cabinet in Caracas.


"We have signed the birth certificate of what will be a giant; a joint venture between (Petroleos de Venezuela) and Citic Group," Chavez said of one of the newly signed accords.

During his televised comments, Chavez also announced that he was suspending Venezuela's fledgling nuclear power program in the wake of last week's earthquake and tsunami in Japan which has led to a nuclear emergency.

Tokyo Electric Power Co. (9501.TO) is battling to avert a nuclear disaster at its Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station, which has suffered several explosions after cooling system failures caused reactors to overheat.

"There is no doubt that this has altered in a strong way the development plans of nuclear energy throughout the world," Chavez said of the unfolding crisis in Japan.

Venezuela reached an agreement with Russia last year to build the South American country's first nuclear plant, a move that created unease in Washington.

The latest agreements between Venezuela and China continue the strengthening of ties between the nations.

To support Venezuela's expansive social programs, Chavez has turned to resource-hungry China for assistance on everything from financing to housing and machinery. Last year, Venezuela received a $20 billion credit line from the China Development Bank for housing, which it is partially paying back with oil shipments.

On Tuesday, Chavez assured China that it could count on Venezuela for its energy needs. He said that in three years he hoped to up oil shipments to China to a million barrels a day. Venezuela, one of the world's largest oil producers may be hard pressed to meet the goal, having been plagued in recent years by declining production and rising debt.

Production in 2010 came in around 2.78 million barrels a day, according to Venezuela's oil ministry, below the roughly 3 million barrels a day that officials had been claiming throughout much of the year.

Before these latest accords, Citic Group was already slated over the next two years to build 40,000 housing units in Venezuela, which is suffering from a long-standing housing storage.

Last month, state-owned Industrial & Commercial Bank of China announced it would continue to focus on exploring emerging markets in Asia, Latin America and Africa, where growth rates are high, according to the central bank-run Financial News.

"We have to study Chinese, we have to study Chinese," Chavez said.

Over the last few days, Chavez has touted several ongoing negotiations between Venezuela and China including a deal to build a new agricultural machinery factory in the South American nation.

Speaking during his weekly television show "Hello! President," Chavez said Venezuela will begin by importing machinery, since China is providing credit to purchase the goods, but added "I have asked them to build a machine factory here and they are willing."

Earlier this year, the Venezuelan government laid out ambitious housing and agricultural initiatives which included plans to construct 2 million new homes for the country's poor by 2017. On Tuesday, Chavez said Citic Group would play an integral role in meeting the lofty goal.

-By Ezequiel Minaya, Dow Jones Newswires; 58-414-120-5738; [email protected]"
 
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Martian

Senior Member
PetroChina's $21.3 billion profit is larger than Microsoft's $20.36 billion

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The headquarters of PetroChina located outside of Dongzhimen, Beijing.
(Photo by Charlie Fong)

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The overall operating income for Microsoft is $5.93 billion this quarter (net income $4.52 billion), a 49 percent increase over last Q4, and $20.36 billion for the year (up 18 percent compared with fiscal 2009).

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"PetroChina says 2010 profit jumps 35 percent
The Associated Press
March 17, 2011, 7:36AM ET

HONG KONG

PetroChina Ltd. says profit jumped 35.4 percent last year as it sold more crude oil, natural gas, gasoline and diesel at higher prices.

China's biggest oil and gas producer said Thursday its 2010 profit amounted to 139.99 billion yuan ($21.3 billion). Revenue surged 43.8 percent to 1.46 trillion yuan ($222 billion) over the year before.

The Beijing-based company said the world economy may recover in 2011, leading to higher energy demand. But it warned geopolitical strife and commodity speculators could "bring major uncertainties" to oil prices.

Crude oil output totaled 857.7 million barrels in 2010, 1.7 percent higher than the year before. Natural gas output rose 5.2 percent to 2,221.2 billion cubic feet."
 
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Martian

Senior Member
China Reclaims Former Perch as World’s Biggest Manufacturer

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IHS Global Insight claims that China surpassed the US as the world’s largest manufacturing nation last year. China had 19.9% of the world’s market. The US had 19.4%.

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Source: IHS Global Insight

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"China Reclaims Former Perch as World’s Biggest Manufacturer
by Victoria Wu
March 16, 2011 6:09 PM

Research data has found that China’s total manufacturing output last year was greater than that of the United States. From the International Center for Trade and Sustainable Development:

According to research from IHS Global Insight first reported on by the Financial Times, the value of China’s manufacturing output in 2010 was $1.995 trillion, or 19.8 percent of the worldwide total. It edged out the US, which accounted for 19.4 percent, worth about $1.952 trillion.

Based on the same IHS Global Insight data, Agence France Presse reports that between 2008 and 2010, China’s manufacturing sector grew at an annual rate of 20.2 percent, compared to 1.8 percent for the US and 4.25 percent for Japan.

China leads in manufacturing output, but not in productivity. Workers in the US manufacturing sector generated over eight times more value per person than their counterparts in Chinese factories.

“In other words, the US manufacturing sector is producing roughly the same amount of output in 2010 with 11.5 million workers as opposed to its Chinese counterpart with around 100 million workers,” IHS said, according to AFP.

WTO statistics suggest that China was the world’s largest exporter of manufactured goods in 2010, followed by the US and Germany.
China was the world’s largest manufacturer of goods in the 19th century and now returns to that position once again. From the Financial Times:

China has become the world’s top manufacturing country by output, returning the country to the position it occupied in the early 19th century and ending the US’s 110-year run as the largest goods producer.

The change is revealed in a study released on Monday by IHS Global Insight, a US-based economics consultancy, which estimates that China last year accounted for 19.8 per cent of world manufacturing output, fractionally ahead of the US with 19.4 per cent.

The last time China was the world’s biggest goods producer was in about 1850 when the country was close to the end of a long period of population growth and technological ascendancy. Buoyed by the industrial revolution, the UK then became the top maker of factory goods and held this position for almost 50 years, following which the US began a long run as the world’s premier manufacturing nation."
 
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Schumacher

Senior Member
A China-Saudi oil deal that will likely see the pipeline through Myanmar used to supply Yunnan.

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By SIRAJ WAHAB | ARAB NEWS

Published: Mar 20, 2011 23:27 Updated: Mar 20, 2011 23:28

DHAHRAN: Saudi Aramco and China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC) have agreed to build a 200,000 barrel-a-day refinery in southern China.

The Saudi oil giant said in a written statement on Sunday that its subsidiary Aramco Overseas Company (AOC) signed a memorandum of understanding on March 17 with CNPC subsidiary PetroChina Co. Ltd. to build a 10-million metric tons per annum “grassroots full conversion refinery” in Yunnan province.

Saudi Aramco manages the largest proven reserves of conventional crude oil — 260.1 billion barrels — and the fourth-largest gas reserves in the world — 275.2 trillion cubic feet.

The proposed refinery will be designed to process 200,000 bpd of Arabian crude oil and will produce high-quality refined products, such as ultra low-sulfur gasoline and diesel that meet current and future China products specifications.....................................
 

Martian

Senior Member
China's SANY beats #2 Komatsu in profitability! Closes in on #1 Caterpillar!

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SANY SY2000C large-tonnage hydraulic excavator

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SANY SCC 2500 300-ton-capacity crawler crane

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Asia's largest-tonnage SANY SR360 Rotary Drilling Rig

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"Sany Heavy Jumps
By Bloomberg News
Mar 18, 2011 4:00 AM ET
...
Sany Heavy Industry Co., China’s biggest maker of machinery for handling concrete, jumped 7.6 percent after profit more than doubled last year.
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Sany Heavy surged 7.6 percent to 27.80 yuan, the most in three weeks, after saying net income for 2010 jumped 113 percent to 5.6 billion yuan ($851.7 million). China’s machinery exports will likely strengthen as the Japanese temblor reduces competition while imports will slow from Japan on supply constraints, Citigroup Inc. said March 14."

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For comparison, Komatsu's net income for 2010 was $415 million (or 33.6 billion yens; exchange rate is $1 = 81 yens).

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"Komatsu is the world's second largest manufacturer of construction equipment and mining equipment after Caterpillar. However, in some areas (Japan, China), Komatsu has a larger share than Caterpillar. It has manufacturing operations in Japan, Asia, Americas and Europe."

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"Sany Heavy Industry Jan. Beat Alien Peers in Excavator Sale
Posted 03/21/2011 06:52 AM ET

SHANGHAI, Mar 21, 2011 (SinoCast Daily Business Beat via COMTEX) -- Sany Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. (shse:600031), a well-known engineering machinery manufacturer in China, sold 1579 Sany heavy machinery in January, beating foreign rivals and taking the top position among home peers, in terms of the data by the China Construction Machinery Association.

Sany Heavy Industry started to be on the strong growth since Sany Heavy Machinery Co. was injected in in September 2009, and the company outperformed Caterpillar Inc. in terms of market share in China in the same year.

Sany Heavy Industry general manager Dai Qinghua discloses that the gross margin of each excavator stands at around 30 percent and that would be able to grow further. Excavator sales this year are estimated to bring about CNY 5.4 billion profit to the Shanghai traded company calculated at CNY 18 billion sales income the company plans to achieve in 2011.

Sany excavator profit growth is expected to be 40 percent and sales would exceed 230,000 units this year, according to the latest research report by Founder Securities."
 
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bladerunner

Banned Idiot
The day that western country can stop Chinese trade juggernaut with punitive tariff is over.

"The WTO has conclusively established that the United States acts unlawfully in the methods by which it calculates and imposes countervailing duties on imports from China," the Chinese mission said in a statement.

Hold on a second , The WTO just said they regarded the methods used as unlawful.

IMO, it was never about tyres or steel tubes, but China's currency manipulation and looking for a blanket protection to negate it.. They were just using it as a test case, and if they had won, it could have been employed dozens of times over. If it simply was about tyres and steel pipes they could have used other methods.

The WTO limits but does not eliminate all tariffs and trade barriers, as evidenced by the quota the EU placed on Chinese shoes and bras , and specific textiles a few years ago. South Korean banning American beef,the Comparatively speaking, the small numberof Western manufactured cars in Korea and Japan. Australia protecting its own auto industry against Japanese imports.

Therfore the U.S. could have employed the same techniques against Chinese tyres and steel pipes.
The West surrended low end manufacturing to China , while comforting itself that it would retain the high tech manufacturing. Slowly this is beginning to change as the Chinese reverse engineer the products etc and sell it back to the West at a cheaper price. So unless the West comes to its senses and reverses or changes the "Free Trade"arrangments, the decline will continue.


So at some stage the developed economies, particularly those in the West may decide the WTO no longer serves their purposes and leave the WTO and rely on regional trade agreements instead.
 
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Maggern

Junior Member
Yeah I highly doubt any of the world's economies would agree to a notion that worldwide free trade is not profitable in the long run (except for those who have economies in ruins).

Even if the short-term realities point to being out-competed, in the long run, the equations always end in plus. Worldwide division of labor is ALWAYS more efficient than not, the only losses would come from certain underefficient sectors. Thus, even though US manufacturers might feel they are outcompeted and will protest free trade, there are much larger parts of the US economy that is enormously more profitable that gains much more from keeping up free-trade.

There was the same protectionist talk when trying to face off Japan in the 70s, but free trade still stands strong. Safe to say it's as fundamental to today's economies as the internal free market is. There's a reason why mercantilism was ditched eventually.
 
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