Where are you getting that 1.1 TFR from? Show some data to support your argument.
I believe the upward corrections on births by 25% like every year because of some unregistered births is ridiculous in the case that we have now a two-child policy, so if we deduct all 20-25% rise in births China TFR might even be under 1.0, but let's not do this, but only deduct less, so it could be about ~1.1.
I believe the contraction of the Chinese population under 1.4 B is because of correction of fake data, not because of less births than deaths, it's close but not yet there.
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Now to more real data than speculation.
- TFR census 2000 - 1.22
- TFR census 2010 - 1.18
TFR by family planning between 2010-2020 ridiculous numbers, even once 1.7.
- Here are the real census data, TFR for decades were super low at about 1.2, why would it have risen now? Some births probably were unregistered because of 1 child policy, but firstly one-child policy wasn't for all, secondly now there is no one-child policy. So even if TFR was a bit higher than on the census, it was 20 years ago and not in the recent census.
- I remember reading that there is less student in schools than would suggest from family planning policy numbers, I can't find it now, maybe later will add these articles and data for this claim.
Look here, Ningbo demographic data, there were also data for Dongbei, some such low numbers less than TFR 0.9
- 36,000 for Ningbo a city with 8.5 m people.
Singapore TFR 1.2, 40000 births with 5m people so most likely Ningbo has lower TFR than Singapore
And different cities have also very low births from the data we have.
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- China saw 10.035 million new registered births last year, according to the Ministry of Public Security, down from 11.79 million births in 2019
Official births 2019 - 14.65 m
What was the basis that they used to revise the births upwards by almost 25% in 2019? I agree with some children not qualified for registration, but not millions! There's no one-child policy anymore, that's shenanigans.
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By @mista at pdf
Just years ago Chinese demographers still believe that their TFR would jump to 4.4 if they if adopt a two-child policy, or almost twice of India's TFR today lol.
Why we should trust such clowns in family planning policy? They had a reason to feed senior officials with garbage data.
Maybe they are fake dumb, to protect their own interest.
2014年之所以只实行单独二孩政策,是因为主流人口学家预测,如果全面放开二孩,生育率将反弹到4.4、4.5,每年将出生4700万、4995万人;即便实行单独二孩政策,生育率也将反弹到2.4。于是十八届三中全会决定先实行单独二孩。当时国家卫计委预测,生育率将反弹到1.8以上。2015年是单独二孩出生高峰年,“小普查”证实生育率只有1.05,而不是1.8,更不是2.4。易富贤感叹,“中国人口政策的智库体系存在‘致命’的缺陷”。
2016年之所以只实行全面二孩政策,是因为国家卫计委在2015年预测,实行全面二孩政策后,2016年、2017年、2018年的生育率将达到1.63、2.0、2.1,到2050年还有1.72。但是2016年的年度抽样调查显示,生育率只有1.24;2017年的出生人数比2016年还少3.5%,那么生育率只有1.2左右,不是2.0,更不是4.4。
但实际上,中国人口政策一直被严重高估的预测所误导。比如,宋健在1980年的百年人口预测报告认为:如果不实行计划生育,中国人口会在2050达到40亿。又如,2000年人口普查数据显示当年生育率仅有1.22,但把大幅调高后的1.8作为人口政策的基本依据达10年之久;权威的《中国人口发展报告2011/12》预测全面放开二胎后的头几年,生育率会大幅反弹到4.4以上;而中国人口学会会长翟振武则预测年出生人口峰值会达到4950万等等。有一点可以肯定,官方从未警示过中国面临低生育率危机。
最近中国社科院发布《经济蓝皮书》,副院长蔡昉呼吁尽快向“全面放开二孩”政策过渡。看来蔡昉的观点发生了巨变。
2012年他领衔完成的《中国人口发展报告2011/12》,预测全面二孩,生育率(孩子/妇女)会反弹到4.4,每年出生4700万;单独二孩,生育率也会达2.4。因此反对全面二孩。
蔡昉是中国社科院副院长,翟振武是中国人口学会会长。从单独二孩实践可看出中国智库体系存在致命缺陷,滞后于美国上百年。学者揣磨领导意图、进行“科学诠释”,根据“政治”而不是“学术”下结论;久之,既丧失了承认、说出真相的勇气,又丧失了“科学论证”的能力。
比如中国的生育率在1990年后就低于更替水平,2000年普查显示只1.22,说明至少在1990年后就应停止计划生育。而即便1980年、2005年就停止计划生育,人口也达不到16亿、15亿。我在2004年判断,停止计划生育后“生育率只能达1.8、1.9”,提出“不停止计划生育,中国还在等什么?”。但是2004年顾宝昌、翟振武等人口学家的《关于调整我国生育政策的建议》,认为2000年出生1771万,将生育率修改为1.6;其实2000年普查0岁人口只1370万,2010年普查10岁人口只1445万,2013年初二、初三学生平均只1472万。他们预测全面放开二孩,人口将达16.07亿;建议采取为期15年的过渡方案,到2020年全面二孩,生育率能稳定在2.0,总人口会达14.7亿。主观上,他们在推动政策调整;客观上,仍是“人口恐吓”。
十八届三中全会后人口政策能“动”起来,说明决策层有政治勇气;之所以只实行单独二孩,是因为蔡昉、翟振武课题组预测:全面二孩,每年将出生4700万、4995万,将超“15亿人口上限”。面对这种恐吓,即便秦皇、汉帝再世也不敢停止计划生育!
翟振武2014年3月在《人口研究》上还坚持说全面二孩后每年出生4995万,但11月在《国家行政学院学报》上又改口说只会出生3100-3850万。蔡昉现在改口说全面二孩甚至更大幅度调整,生育率只能达1.94(出生2000万)。他们的观点可以变来变去,但每年损失的数百万人命能复活?我与主流人口学家没有私仇,只有公愤!