Well the USA does have the ESSM which can do Mach 4+ with 50km+ range. Also theoretically a lot of air-to-air missiles can be reconfigured for surface-to-surface operation. The problem is the USA does not have any fast missile which is cost effective at ranges larger than the ESSM's.
The Shtil-1 marketing brochure also lists their missiles capable of Mach 4+ with 50km range, but also lists maximum target speed (airborne) at 820 or 850 meters per second, which is Mach 2.5. ESSM does not mention anything. You have to decide if the Shtil-1 marketing brochure is telling the truth too as public information may not be what the real performance is plus also account how much similar or different the HHQ-16 from the Shtil-1.
China has the option of developing the SD-50, which is the export name and has been deployed to some customers, as the DK-10, for a medium ranged SAM that can be quad packed. In addition this missile has an ARH guidance system. China also has the option of copying or licensing the Russian 9M96 family of missiles, also known as Vityaz, Redut or S-350. These missiles can be quad packed into an S-300 canister on land, their naval version has a dedicated VLS on its own, although I don't see this type having any problems being quad packed into the UKSK VLS. These family of missiles comes in a number of lengths, which will also determine the range.
Another possibility is that China maybe developing a naval VLS version of the PL-15 AAM, skipping the SD-50/DK-10 missile, which is based on the previous generation PL-12 AAM. China also has some kind of VLRAAM in development and testing
The US has the SM-2 beyond the ESSM, Block III for medium range, Block IV and SM-6 for extended ranges. The Block IV and SM-6 missiles are much longer and heavier, double the weight at least. SM-2 Block III is about the same size and weight as the Shtil and the HQ-16 missile, has the same guidance type but has more range, with the latest version having IR added as a dual seeker. Not many Block IV are deployed, its replaced by SM-6, which is an expensive missile, said to be 3 to 4 million each, but however has an ARH seeker and can sink a boat too. This is as heavy as the S-300/400 missiles, even heavier than the HQ-9, which is said to be 1300kg and belongs in the large category of SAMs.
Gives you an official, pocket summary on the Standard missiles.
With regards to those Russian corvettes that are armed to the teeth, they seem like a great solution for Southeast Asian navies to counter Chinese and other advanced naval powers. If their rivers are wide enough, and there are a lot of rivers in Southeast Asia, they can easily move their forces and retreat to places inland where they can be more easily concealed than a regular corvette. Yet still conduct Mach 3+ strikes at a distance.
Its a stealthy beast too. However, they will need aircraft to find the targets, which again justifies having LRSAM or carrier with long range fighters on patrol.
