There were alternative ways to achieve the desired objectives; those should have been exhausted before all out war, at least!
Agreed. Looking at how the 'free world' is now sanctioning the crap out of Russia. I wondered why Russia didn't just turn off the gas going into Europe via Ukraine years ago? And aldo sanctioning other Ukrainian businesses making money from Russia, both directly or indirectly.
That would have deprived Ukraine hundreds of billions of dollars in revenue, and pressured Europe into using alternative routes like NS2. US LNG might make short term gains, but its never gonna truly compete with cheap Russian gas.
That might have turned Ukraine from a pseudo failed state into an actual failed state. Those pompous upper and middle class Ukrainians who were so eager to hate the Russians. They would have lost most of their income. Then the Kiev fascists would be running a failed state with a hungry and angry populace. Russia could then stir up trouble in Ukraine and try to achieve a reverse color revolution. Or failing that, just provoke a wider civil war and then Balkanize the country. Like what Russia did with the DPR and LPR.
Destroying Ukraine through economics will surely invite Western sanctions. But its still not war. Thus the international condemnation and boycotts would be far less crazy.
Alas this is just hindsight. We might never truly know why Russia chose this course if action.