Russia doesn't have an industrial base that is geared towards becoming high-income. Putin has consciously steered the country towards "maximum resilience" for almost a full decade now, trying to derisk the economy and creating "Fortress Russia". The price paid was slow growth in exchange for building a country that is (almost) sanctions proof.
That gives Russia tremendous survivability, but it ensures that it will remain stuck in the slow lane for the foreseeable future. China can help somewhat, but it is unrealistic to expect every single private Chinese firm to sacrifice the much more lucrative Western markets for a country whose economy is smaller than Italy's. It will be a balancing act for Beijing, and Russia will have to accept that it won't get everything it wants from China as part of that balancing act.