But how many have actually left the drawing boards, and how many are just fronts for siphoning funds into private coffers?
Until India can get its corruption and nepotism under control, there is not much future for India either economically nor militarily.
One doesn't contradict the other. Croney capitalism is more often through preferential production of something, not open theft. Latter mostly happens with stupid/shortsighted people.
Tejas mk.1a - should've been combat capable by Kashmir, still awaiting engines(i.e. they now probably have a whole backlog of unfinished airframes). Not to blame just exports though - domestic components are in the pipeline, and even further (if ever, sorry India).
Tejas mk.2 - prototype assembly. Same troubles as mk.1a to a laughable degree (again, another unique variant of another engine that overloaded GE may struggle with, with no back up of course).
AMCA - hardware trials (early prototype assembly). Same engine with Tejas mk.2 at least.
"Only" TEDBF is now paper only, but it's so far ahead that we'll get another Indo-Pakistani crysis before it will make its first flight. I don't know how to treat HLFT-42, but apparently HAL and IAF still play with this thing, and it tries to creep into F-16/J-10 weight class.
Best option for India is to do the needful and commit to seeing Uttam and Astra mk2 to fruition. And putting together a lucrative enough deal for Russia to provide Su-57 with eventual domestic production.
First part was indeed their plan - that's why Su-30MKI met the fight mostly in vanilla state (only stopgap weapon upgrades).
Su-57 ... now may end up unavoidable for political reasons. Otherwise, before they clearly wanted to slide on Rafale as their gap aircraft.
Problem with Su-57 is it's a dark horse - as with other stealth planes, we don't know for certain which of its capabilities are in production stage. Like, they launch LACMs, but what else it can do sustained? Main operational Russian BVRAAMs(R-77-1 and R-37m) don't even fit inside. Will Russia do such work for Astra family? Is R-87/97 (or what's their name) pair in series production? Much like China with J-20, Russia doesn't exactly report weapon integration, the only current source is Ukrainian monitoring channels. Which sometimes don't spot Su-57/S-70 ops at all("missile out of blue").
Algeria isn't in open war, India/Pakistan may have another outburst this very tuesday. Rafale advantage over Su-57/F-35 is that it's a clear full package right now. There is literally everything, from micas to full set of a2g stand in and stand off armament (well tied into operational concept) to advanced targeting and recon pods. Only ARM is lacking until F5, but French were sure Spectra/Hammer pair is so good that DEAD may replace SEAD.