News on China's scientific and technological development.

sunnymaxi

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Another Jewel return to motherland..

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‘Genius’ biochemist Kunliang Guan returns to China from US to head new lab​

  • Guan takes up position at Westlake University in aftermath of National Institutes of Health investigation
  • He joins former colleague neuroscientist Fu Xiangdong, who was forced to resign from the University of California, San Diego
After working in the United States for more than 30 years, biochemist Kunliang Guan is back in China with a full-time chair professor position at
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in the eastern province of Zhejiang.

As one of the most cited researchers in his field and a recipient of a MacArthur “genius” award, among other prizes, Guan will head a new laboratory to continue his world-leading research on cell signalling pathways related to organ development and cancer, according to the university’s website.

Previously, he was a distinguished professor at University of California, San Diego’s pharmacology department – and a target of
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(NIH), the world’s biggest funder of biomedical research.

In 2019, Guan was banned from applying for NIH funding for two years after he was found to have violated the university’s code of conduct by failing to disclose research support from foreign sources, including Fudan University in Shanghai.

By the time the suspension ended in 2021, the operations of Guan’s lab had shrunk dramatically and he had stopped taking on new graduate students for fear that he would not be able to support them, he told Science magazine in March.


“I’m one of the lucky ones. I don’t know how many people that the NIH wanted to stop are able to start again. Maybe none,” Guan was quoted as saying.

Guan is among some 250 victims of the NIH’s own version of the
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– a Trump-era policy aimed at combating Chinese espionage – which accused the researchers of using part of their NIH grant to do work in China through an undisclosed affiliation with a Chinese institution.

Unlike the China Initiative, all investigations were done behind closed doors by NIH-funded institutions and off-limits to queries from the media, according to Science. About 42 per cent of those targeted have so far lost their jobs.

One of those is Guan’s former colleague,
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, who was forced to resign from UCSD earlier this year due to his collaboration with Wuhan University. Fu joined Westlake University in March to carry on with his research on Parkinson’s and other degenerative diseases.

Guan has started recruiting members for his new team in Hangzhou, and their work will focus on the Hippo pathway, a major signalling pathway in the human body that regulates cell growth, tissue stability, organ size, and is responsible for cancer development, according to the university’s website.

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, a neurobiologist and president of Capital Medical University in Beijing, described Guan as “a clearly marked genius”.

“Kunliang is an outstanding biochemist who had made major contributions to signal transduction,” Rao said. “His next breakthroughs will be even better than all previous ones.”

Guan was born into a poor family in Tongxiang county, Zhejiang province, in 1963. A talented and hardworking student, he entered Hangzhou University to study biology at the age of 15.

In 1983, he was recruited through the China-United States Biochemistry Examination and Application programme to study in the US. He earned his doctorate in biochemistry from Purdue University at the age of 26.

He went on to work at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and UCSD, receiving a series of awards and honours, including the MacArthur Fellowship and the Schering-Plough Award.

He has been actively involved in scientific evaluation activities in China. He served as chair of the overseas review committee of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and is a science committee member of the Beijing-based Future Science Prize.
 

tacoburger

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Hardware looks extremely impressive, probably the most nimble a robot dog has been and the price is also extremely cheap. But I really wonder why Xiaomi and Unitree keep marketing this robots as pets. Just stop. Finding more niche uses would work alot better. Like put HD camera on one and advertise it like a 4 legged DJI drone mainly for taking photos in dangerous/hard to reach places. Put a thin film solar panel on it's back so that it can recharge itself in the sun and advertise it as some kind of ultra-endurance surveillance-guard dog for remote areas. Give it a radar and have it map out stuff.

Develop a mouth/claw on it so that it can hold things, pick up trash, pick fruits/vegetables and pull up weeds. Give it a 5 watt laser pointer and have it act like a pest controller, burning down mosquitos/hornets/slugs and scaring off rats. Have it wander around a city and automatically report on shit like potholes, large trash buildups and homeless camps. Strap a dozen flash grenades onto one and send it into a dangerous situation without risking human lives. Send it into areas that humans don't like, like sewage pipes, storm drains and dangerous neighborhoods. Have it act as a "carrier" for drones to vastly extend their range. Strap 5 kilos of HE and have it act as a mobile IED(joke)

They will probably find a much larger audience and won't be laughed at it they actually explore and develop their robots towards any of this uses. But nope, pet dogs it it, and the presentation is horrible too, why put one next to an actual dog in your presentation video? That just makes it look creepy as shit.

Also why the same robot dog design all the time? Making a much smaller rat sized version could have it's uses for reaching into tiny spaces that humans and flying drones can't reach. Making a "centaur" design, basically a robot dog design but with a upright torso for more sensors, arms and other attachments instantly makes it a thousand times more versatile.

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sunnymaxi

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’s computing power is expected to quadruple in 2025 from the end of 2020, 36Kr reported, citing an action plan released by the municipal government today. The city will promote the application of key technologies such as
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,
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, and quantum communications...

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Franklin

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’s computing power is expected to quadruple in 2025 from the end of 2020, 36Kr reported, citing an action plan released by the municipal government today. The city will promote the application of key technologies such as
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,
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, and quantum communications...

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We are seeing some very impressive growth in China when it comes to new digital infrastructure and services but what about the demand side of all these new services. Is there growing demand on part of the Chinese consumers and industry for all this new digital goodness.
 

SanWenYu

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An instittute of CAS in Tianjing has made breakthrough in converting CO2 into hexose "precisely".
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is a building block of compounds such as starch, cellulose and glycosides. The CO2 conversion rate of their process, higher than the natural photosynthesis, is the highest among the existing artificial processes.

From here, the team plans to extend the process for compounds such as oligosaccharide, glycoside, sugar alcohol which are not as abundant in nature as hexose is.

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我国二氧化碳精准合成己糖技术取得新进展​

糖是人类生产生活中的一种重要物质,也是当今工业生物制造的关键原材料。而要实现高效精准的人工制糖并非易事。近日,由中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所研发的人工转化二氧化碳从头精准合成糖技术取得新进展。这一研究成果高效、精准地实现了己糖的人工合成,为利用二氧化碳创造结构、功能多样的糖产品提供了有力支撑。

己糖又称为六碳糖,是含有6个碳原子的单糖。己糖在自然界分布广,数量多,与机体的营养代谢十分密切。生活中常见的葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖都属于己糖。传统的二氧化碳到生物质资源到糖的加工过程,受到植物光合作用能量转换效率限制,在全球变暖、极端天气和自然灾害频发的背景下,依赖于过去糖类生物质资源的生产方式面临着供应安全和风险。

为了能够更高效精准的实现人工制糖,中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所通过化学-酶耦联的人工合成系统,研发出了人工转化二氧化碳从头精准合成糖技术。这项技术比自然光合作用糖合成更为高效、精准,且步骤更为简单,实现了精准控制合成不同结构与功能的己糖,其碳转化率高于传统植物光合作用,同时高于化学法制糖以及电化学-生物学耦联的人工制糖方法,是目前人工制糖路线中碳转化效率的最高水平。

中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所杨建刚副研究员介绍,这项科研相当于提供了一个不依赖于土地或者不依赖于种植的一个路线,是构建了自然界不存在的一个合成路线。它的路线更短,需要的能量更少,更高效,而且它能够精准地控制产物的构型,提高产物的选择性,降低后期的分离成本。

据了解,未来科研团队通过该技术还能够进一步合成寡糖、糖苷或糖醇等化合物,获得自然界含量稀少甚至不存在的糖分子,作为原料应用于食品、医药和生物制造等领域。
 

sunnymaxi

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The
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kicked off in
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on Wednesday, attracting more than 140 enterprises from home and abroad to showcase nearly 600 Robot industry exhibits and cutting-edge achievements..

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at the same time, Beijing Local government announced package of 10 Billion RMB to promote innovation in robotics.

The capital city of China will form the fund to help robot startups expand, as well as support mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, fundraising, and listing of firms in the sector, China Securities Journal reported, citing a policy document issued by a government agency yesterday on the sidelines of the 2023 World Robot Conference. The event is held in Beijing till Aug. 22..

The document added that innovative companies in the sector will be supported to quickly go public on the Beijing Stock Exchange.
 

SanWenYu

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The turboexpander, a core component of the world's first 300MW compressed-air energy storage, rolled off the assembly line in
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recently. CAS and CAES started the design of this turboexpander in 2018. CAES is a spin-off of CAS to focus on commercialization of advanced compressed-air energy storage technologies.

This is the news about the 100MW compressed-air energy storage (another world's first) mentioned in the article. It was connected to the power grid in 2022.

Comparing to the 100MW storage, the 300MW one will have lower unit cost (by 20%-30%) and higher efficiency (by 3-5%).

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国际首套!中国完成300兆瓦先进压缩空气储能系统膨胀机集成测试​

北京8月17日电 (记者 孙自法)记者17日从中国科学院工程热物理研究所获悉,由该所和中储国能公司联合自主研发的国际首套300兆瓦(MW)级先进压缩空气储能系统膨胀机,近日完成集成测试、顺利下线。这是中国压缩空气储能领域的重要里程碑,将推动中国先进压缩空气储能技术迈向新的台阶。

该300兆瓦压缩空气膨胀机集成测试的各项测试结果均达到或超过设计指标,具有集成度高、效率高、启停快、寿命长、易维护等优点。

研发团队表示,压缩空气储能系统的大规模化是降低成本、提高效率、提高市场竞争力的重要途径,相比100兆瓦先进压缩空气储能系统,300兆瓦系统规模将提高3倍,单位成本降低20-30%,效率提高3-5%。此次国际首套300兆瓦先进压缩空气储能系统膨胀机完成集成测试并顺利下线,标志着中国300兆瓦先进压缩空气储能国家示范项目取得重大进展。

中国科学院工程热物理研究所介绍说,储能技术是能源革命的关键支撑技术和国家战略性新兴产业。压缩空气储能具有规模大、成本低、效率高、环境友好等优点,是最具发展潜力的大规模储能技术之一。膨胀机是压缩空气储能系统的核心部件,具有负荷高、流量大、流动传热复杂、高效宽工况运行要求高等技术难点。经过多年持续科研攻关,联合研发团队先后攻克全三维设计、复杂轴系结构、动态调节与控制等关键技术,研制出中国拥有完全自主知识产权的国际首台300兆瓦级先进压缩空气储能系统多级高负荷膨胀机。

作为中国最早开展压缩空气储能研究的机构,中国科学院工程热物理研究所通过19年的努力,建立具有完全自主知识产权的研发体系,先后突破系统全工况设计与控制、多级高负荷压缩机和膨胀机、高效超临界蓄热换热等关键技术,并分别于2013、2016、2021年建成国际首个1.5兆瓦级、10兆瓦级、100兆瓦级先进压缩空气储能系统。中储国能公司则是中国科学院工程热物理研究所压缩空气储能技术的产业化企业,具备百兆瓦级压缩空气储能系统研发、设计、制造、工程实施、投资和运营全套能力,已成为国际先进压缩空气储能系统的开拓者和引领者,双方于2018年起在全球率先开展国际首套300兆瓦先进压缩空气储能系统的研发工作。
 
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