News on China's scientific and technological development.

RedMetalSeadramon

Junior Member
Registered Member
How is it working? Can someone inform us here that has read this Bloomberg article. It's behind a paywall so I can't read the article. I just want to make sure if this piece of news isn't just another victory lap that's not there.
Nothing, just the usual cheerleading by unnamed US officials, etc. They also tried to hide the fact this was written by 2 white man by putting the name of 2 Asian women as authors.
The US Is Thwarting China’s Love Affair With Israeli Tech
Ahead of President Biden’s visit to Jerusalem, his administration continues to push for more restrictions in a pressure campaign to cut Beijing off from a crucial source of advanced technology.
relates to The US Is Thwarting China’s Love Affair With Israeli Tech
Illustration: Patrik Mollwing for Bloomberg Businessweek
BySarah Zheng and Coco Liu

On July 13, Joe Biden makes his first presidential visit to Israel. The country doesn’t see eye to eye with the US on a number of crucial foreign policy issues, such as the Biden administration’s attempts to revive the Iran nuclear deal or its tough stance on Russia over the war in Ukraine. But the trip could give Biden a chance to highlight real progress in another geopolitical arena: the US rivalry with China over advanced technologies.

A long-running US effort to steer Israel’s tech industry away from China had yielded only patchy results, but now it seems to be working. Ties between Israel’s tech sector and China have eroded in recent years, threatening to cut off a key remaining option for Beijing to access strategically important technology.

Despite its size, Israel is an essential focus for geopolitical maneuvering over tech. It’s a major hub for cybersecurity companies, many staffed by veterans of elite military intelligence units. About 40% of the private global investment in cybersecurity now takes place in Israel, according to the country’s National Cyber Directorate. Hundreds of foreign companies have also set up research and development centers in the country.

Before 2018, China had been positioning itself as an important international partner for the Israeli tech industry, which sought capital and access to one of the world’s biggest markets. Chinese investors were far from its most vital sources of capital—they invested $424 million in Israeli startups in 2018, about 5% of the total investment into the sector—but their connections to Israel were deepening. Chinese giants such as Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. and Huawei Technologies Co. were also building research centers in the country. In October 2018, Israel’s then-Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu hosted Vice President Wang Qishan and Alibaba co-founder Jack Ma at a meeting of the Israel-China Joint Committee on Innovation Cooperation in Jerusalem.

In retrospect, that may have been the high-water mark. Last year, Chinese capital accounted for only 1% of investment in Israeli startups, data from the IVC Research Center show. This could be a strategic disadvantage for Beijing, which has been grappling with growing hostility from the West. “China is still very much interested in Western-style technologies” but is finding itself increasingly locked out of the US and Europe, says Junhua Zhang, a senior associate at the Brussels-based European Institute for Asian Studies. “So the only option is Israel.”

That option is looking shakier than ever. This is partly because of the pandemic and concerns about China’s approach to tech, given the crackdown on its own tech industry. Companies in Israel that once welcomed Chinese financiers, particularly in sensitive deep-tech sectors, are now hesitant to do business with them because of the potential political consequences in other markets. Under pressure from its US and European backers, one supplier of electric vehicle components this year abandoned plans to take Chinese capital in exchange for access to the world’s biggest EV market, according to a person with knowledge of the matter. US investors in an Israeli chip company would allow it to sell products in China only if it promised not to conduct research there, said another person, who asked not to be named while discussing a sensitive matter. Nevo Alva, whose sale of his QR code company Visualead in 2017 marked one of Alibaba’s first acquisitions of an Israeli startup, says he’ll accept Chinese investors for his new endeavor, Acumen, only if they already have a Western presence. Alibaba shut its Tel Aviv research center, which emerged from the Visualead purchase, in June.

The chill dates to the Trump administration, which put sanctions on Huawei and other Chinese companies, and leaned on allies to block exports of chips and sensitive software. At the same time, the US pressured Israel to set up a review process modeled after the Committee on Foreign Investment in the US, or Cfius, which gives officials power to block or put conditions on deals with national security implications. In 2019, Israel did set up that review process, but only for areas such as infrastructure and energy, leaving out the tech sphere.

Israel has continued to move toward the harder line of some of its traditional allies. “We are still more welcoming than the Americans or several European countries,” says Doron Ella, a research fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies, an Israeli think tank. “But in the last one or two years, this welcoming environment is becoming less welcoming.”

The Biden administration continues to work to cut China off from key technologies. Bloomberg News reported on July 7 that the US was attempting to persuade the Netherlands to ban ASML Holding NV, a Dutch company that makes equipment for chip production, from selling China even mainstream technology essential to chip development. In Israel the administration keeps pushing for the Cfius-like reviews into tech, accusing China of buying or stealing technology that could further its military ambitions. “We would like to see Israel’s investment screening system strengthened and expanded, especially in the field of high tech,” says a US Embassy spokesperson, who accused China of forced technology transfer and industrial espionage. “We have been candid with our Israeli friends over risks to our shared national security interests.”

In part, Israeli startups may be getting pickier because they find it easier to attract investors than they have in the past, says Ehud Levy, a general partner at Canaan Partners Israel and also a partner at China’s Lenovo Capital. And even if it hasn’t yet succeeded in getting Israel to adopt its entire policy agenda, the US has convinced many Israeli entrepreneurs of the need to choose sides. “If you have a term sheet from a Chinese investor and you have a term sheet from a US investor, the CEO is going for the safe option,” Levy says. “It’s not like a governmental guidance or anything like that. It’s purely a commercial decision.” —With Daniel Avis and Alan Crawford
 

ougoah

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In 2012, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Wuhan) developed a cold rubidium atom interferometry with vibration isolator with resolution comparable state-of-the-art cold atom gravimeters

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Since then, China has been the World leader in cold atom interferometry tech with only two competitors, i.e. America and France.

In the same year, CNRS/France reported the first operation of an airborne atom interferometer

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Huazhong team developed an 87Rb atom interferometer using stimulated Raman transitions. They added a 2D magneto-optical trap to increase the atom number and improve the detection signal-to-noise ratio, and a better optical phase-locked system to reduce the phase noise. Sensitivity of ~ 4.2 μGal/√Hz was reached.

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In the same year Sandia/America broke the record
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2014

CNRS/France reported the best sensitivity without any ground based vibration isolation system in an underground expt.
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Huazhong achieved sensitivity of 67 μGal/√Hz, they reclaimed the lead.

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NIST+PTB (Germany) - Transportable strontium optical clock

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2015


Huazhong - Uncertainty of gravity measurements contributed by the single-photon shift corrected
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2016


CNRS/France reported highest rotation stability
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Huazhong reported the first ever test of the Universality of Free Fall with atoms in different spin orientations,
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2017

UC Berkley + Zhejiang demonstrated multi-axis atom interferometry with a single-diode laser that can do all functions like atom trapping, interferometry, and detection. With rotation sensitivity 300 μrad/s/√Hz.
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2018

Chinese Academy of Science – World’s first In-orbit operation of an atomic clock based on laser-cooled 87Rb atoms;
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Chinese Academy of Science designed a compact portable laser system for cold atom interferometers. The laser system was mounted on a single module, and experiencing 1200-km-long truck transportation.
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In the same year, they achieved sensitivity = 230 μGal/√Hz, World’s highest. This time the laser system only contained one 780 nm seed laser, and stimulated beams coupled with pair of cooling beams by using a liquid crystal based polarization control.

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National Institute of Metrology (Beijing) also reached sensitivity of 44 μGal/√Hz.

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UC Berkeley used atom interferometry with a cloud of cesium atoms to successfully measure quantum electrodynamics.

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2019

Zhejiang University and Zhejiang University of Technology achieved sensitivity = 300 μGal/√Hz, World’s highest.
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NIST/ University of Colorado - Single-Source Multi-axis Cold-Atom Interferometer in a Centimeter-Scale Cell;

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2020

Chinese Academy of Science - External-cavity diode laser (ECDL) for space based strontium optical clock

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2021

Huazhong - Car-based portable cold atom interferometry; Sensitivity = 1.9 mGal/√Hz

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Huazhong – 3D position of an atomic cloud;
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National University of Defense Technology (Changsha) - Vibration isolation system

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2022

Naval University of Engineering (Wuhan) - Underwater based vibration isolation system;

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ONERA/France – Moving aircraft/ship based cold atom interferometry;

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Huazhong – World’s highest rotation sensitivity = 40 nrad/√Hz; an improvement on the sensitivity by factor of 32, paves the way to study the Earth’s crust with a quantum sensor.

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Huazhong – Aircraft/ship based cold atom interferometry with first ever vibration noise suppression factor >50.
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UC Berkeley (3/6 Chinese) - Aircraft based cold atom interferometry; Sensitivity = 37 Gal/Hz; Sensor payload = 100-150 Kg.
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Chinese Academy of Science - Cold atom interferometry with highest level of compactness; sensor volume<100 liter.
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SAST+Huazhong+Nanhang – Space-borne Atom-Interferometry; sensitivity of 1.9 mE/Hz1/2 ; accuracy of 0.2 cm@100 km.
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National University of Defense Technology (Changsha) -
Estimating the uncertainty of an atom gravimeter;
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Large-scale cold atom interferometer –

China – Chines Academy of Science; Wuhan based;
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America – Stanford + Johns Hopkins + Fermi Lab + Northwestern + Oxford + Cambridge


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France – CNRS -
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You win member of the year hahahah. Nice summary! Always love industry summaries. Much appreciated.
 

Strangelove

Colonel
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China builds first unmanned offshore oil rig in South China Sea

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CNOOC's EP10-2 unmanned oil platform under construction at Enping Oilfield in the South China Sea. /CNOOC

China has finished the construction of its first unmanned offshore oil platform on Wednesday at Enping Oilfield in the South China Sea.
The platform, named EP10-2, does not have any offices or living quarters. As a result, it's much cheaper to build and maintain, enabling oil companies to drill fields that are not cost-effective enough for traditional rigs. Annual maintenance cost for this platform could be 10 million yuan (about $1.49 million) cheaper than its manned equivalent.

The size of the platform is significantly smaller than traditional rigs. The deck is reduced to half and total weight is only two-thirds of the traditional platforms.

What's more, the platform can work under extreme conditions like typhoon since it is mostly remote-controlled.

With that said, the unmanned platform requires an extreme level of smartness and stability. The maker of this platform, the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), said they have added 10 smart systems to the rig to boost its sensing and remote-control abilities.

Founded in 1982, the CNOOC claims to be the largest offshore oil and gas producer in China. The company made its debut in the Shanghai Stock Exchange in April and performed strongly in a relatively weak period in the market cycle. Its stock price traded at 16.15 yuan on Wednesday, 17.11 percent higher than the debut price.
 

SanWenYu

Captain
Registered Member
Chinese researchers from CAS have made major breakthrough in fundamental science and manufacturing technologies of solid state sulfide lithium ion battery (硫化物全固态锂离子电池). They are "one step closer" to manufacturing this new type of batteries at industrial scales.

This research team has had their focus on high performance solid sulfide electrolyte. Using their own electrolyte, they have developed solid state li-ion battery in polymer package (全固态软包锂电池) that can be charged to 63.5% in 6 minutes at the 10C charge speed. After 850 full cycles, the battery would still have 94% of the charge capacity. It can keep 31% discharge capacity at minus 40 celsius.

They have built trial production lines in lab to further smooth out the processes for manufacturing solid sulfide electrolyte and polymer-package solid state li-ion batteries.

News report in Chinese:
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记者5日从中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所获悉,该研究所武建飞研究员带领的先进储能材料与技术研究组,在硫化物全固态锂离子电池领域的基础科学问题和电池规模化制备技术方面,取得了一系列突破性新进展。相关成果发表在国际期刊《化学电化学》上。
硫化物全固态锂离子电池凭借高能量、快速充放电、低温性能好以及高安全性、长寿命等优点,开创性地解决了液态锂电池存在的能量密度低、易燃、易爆等一系列问题,成为一项颠覆性前沿科技。硫化物固体电解质具有众多优势,使硫化物全固态锂电池高能量密度和高倍率性能兼备。世界众多车企纷纷投入硫化物全固态锂电池的研发,并发布量产计划。
多年来,该科研团队致力于开发高性能硫化物固体电解质,利用高通量计算方法,开发出高电导率的硫化物固体电解质,其室温离子电导率均达到国际水平,且已建立硫化物固体电解质中试生产线,具备公斤级批量制备能力。

在此基础上,针对硫化物电解质空气稳定性的研究,该科研团队近期又取得关键性进展,通过向电解质中进行软酸物质和硬碱物质的双掺杂,获得了兼具高离子电导率、电化学稳定性和空气稳定性优异的硫化物电解质材料。

据介绍,为了突破硫化物全固态软包锂电池工业化制备的技术瓶颈,科研团队自主创新了多项关键技术,如制备出厚度低于20微米的超薄电解质膜技术,开发高稳定性电极包覆技术,构建了稳定的电极/电解质界面技术,以及匀浆、涂布、电极成型等技术,还成功开发出具有优异倍率和低温性能的软包电池,率先突破全固态软包锂电池循环寿命差的技术难点,成功开发出长循环寿命的全固态软包锂电池,循环850次,容量保持率为94%。

目前,该科研团队完成了实验室技术制造,已建立一条全固态软包电池实验室生产线,探索出硫化物全固态锂离子电池生产模式,为推动高性能、低成本、大容量、高安全硫化物全固态软包电池的工业化生产奠定了基础。(记者王健高 实习记者宋迎迎 通讯员刘佳 王诚)

Another news report in Chinese with a bit more technical details:
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GodRektsNoobs

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China closes in on Japan's hydrogen technology patent lead​

Race to develop ultimate clean fuel heats up as Japanese filings slow by 30%
Wow. Imagine having the brightest people in your country working for 30 years in a field just so you can create a monopoly, only to be almost surpassed in less than a decade.
 

AssassinsMace

Lieutenant General
How is it working? Can someone inform us here that has read this Bloomberg article. It's behind a paywall so I can't read the article. I just want to make sure if this piece of news isn't just another victory lap that's not there.
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It's going by the assumption that China needs Israel and not the other way around or else why would Israel even bother with China. All it means is Israel is now facing more Chinese weapons in the hands of their enemies. Remember the Sa'ar 5 that was then packed with advanced Western technology being hit by a Chinese anti-ship missile. Didn't need Israel for that.
 

tygyg1111

Captain
Registered Member
Wow. Imagine having the brightest people in your country working for 30 years in a field just so you can create a monopoly, only to be almost surpassed in less than a decade.

That's gotta hurt. Especially after this:

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Chinese students’ dream device defeats Japan’s most powerful supercomputer in world contest

  • DepGraph Supernode, started as a training project at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, was nearly twice as fast as nearest competitor
  • Secrecy of Chinese authorities regarding their large computers makes it difficult to accurately rank supercomputers from around the world, according to experts

A small computer developed by Chinese students outperformed Japan’s most powerful machine in solving a major complex data problem related to artificial intelligence, according to the latest global ranking.

Supercomputer Fugaku in Japan has nearly 4 million CPU cores, making it the second-largest computer ever built.

DepGraph Supernode, which was started as a “training project” by graduate students at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, has 128 cores.

But the DepGraph was nearly twice as fast as Fugaku in solving a single source shortest path (SSSP) problem, a difficult graph problem affecting the performance of artificial intelligence in a wide range of sectors, according to the annual Graph500 ranking released by the International Supercomputing Conference early this month.

“It felt like a dream,” first-year graduate student Shen Qiange said, according to a report by China Science Daily on Monday.

The average age of Shen and her teammates was 24.

Mathematicians often used graphs to describe relations. The simplest graph can contain just two dots with a line between them.

More complex graphs have been applied in many areas, such as financial markets with a large number of listed companies, global social media platforms or war games.

AI can detect hidden relations or discover a pattern of evolution in a sophisticated, constantly changing graph.

But the training and learning process usually involves a large number of calculations. Even some seemingly easy tasks, such as finding the shortest path between two dots, poses a huge challenge to computers.

The Wuhan team said they discovered a bottleneck issue that could severely affect computers on this type of job.

A supercomputer uses many CPU – central processing unit – cores to execute many calculation tasks simultaneously, according to a paper the team submitted to the IEEE Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture last year.

But when handling a graph-related problem, the calculation process in a core often depends on the outcome of another.

This dependency disrupted the calculation process, the paper said. Most of the time the cores had to either wait or re-do calculations with new results from another core.

The DepGraph machine solved the problem with a new structure and software that could take the performance of each core to the limit by reducing the chaos caused by dependency, the team said.

“Don’t underestimate the ability of students,” said Zhang Yu, associate professor of computer science and adviser to the project team.

“This is the first time a single computer defeated a cluster of computers in graph calculation,” he added.

Professor Jin Hai, a mentor to the students, said the young researchers had worked closely with China’s hi-tech companies. Their biggest inspirations came from the industry.

“The problem definitely originated from the industry. The research meets the most urgent needs of our country,” he was quoted by the China Science Daily as saying.

Zhao Jin, a PhD candidate and team leader, said they had to report their progress to Chinese tech giant Huawei Technologies every two weeks.

“Master’s and doctoral students can get access to the topics of the national key research and development plan. This opens our eyes instantly and integrates us more closely with the industry,” he said.

But Zhao said they also enjoyed a high degree of freedom.

“We find our research topic by ourselves. The supervisors do not tell the students what to do, but support us in the direction we are interested in. This is very stimulating,” he added.

Fugaku recorded top performance in breadth-first search (BFS), another major graph problem with an algorithm that was simpler but required more raw calculation resources to solve, according to the Graph500.

Sunway TaihuLight, a Chinese supercomputer built in 2015, ranked second in that category, with the DepGraph ranking ninth among the giant machines.

China has built some of the world’s largest computers, including some exascale machines that could rival the US Department of Energy’s Frontier, currently the fastest machine in open record.

Chinese researchers have conducted unprecedented experiments such as the world’s largest training for AI on these new machines, according to openly available information.

But the Chinese authorities have kept their performance secret.

The reliability of international ranking on supercomputers has been affected by China’s absence, according to industrial experts.

 
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