And when it comes to the current (and hopefully permanent) Chinese state, its ability to industrialize was wholly dependent on the mass killing of the landlord class that occurred in the immediate 2 years of so after the KMT were expulsed. This involved the death of well over a million people, and very often the killing of entire family networks rather than just the individual landlords themselves. But without this, it would never have been possible to create an industrial base on which development could occur, because all of the surplus food that needed to be devoted to urban workers would have instead been hoarded by landlords.
Idk if you already know this, but the "landlords" destroyed by the CPC are a far cry from modern day developed country landlords.
Yes, both Chinese and Western people meme about how much landlords suck, sometimes followed by saying that Mao had the right idea what to do with them. But landlords during Mao's era were literal warlords, aristocrats, owners of slaves, triad leaders and so on. They weren't just privileged fucks that refuse to fix the water, demand rent early and threaten eviction. They would kill, rape and sell into slavery those who defied them. Hired mobsters would carry out their orders.
Mao himself was almost killed as a young man when he was captured by the private militia of a landlord.
These "landlords" had much more in common with afghan warlords than they have with modern day landlords in China or Europe.
Killing the landlord was not done as a revolutionary or political statement. It was done because the landlords literally threatened the lives of many normal people. Using armed force against them was the lesser evil. Even then, they could always surrender and be arrested, it's not like they were totally exterminated.
Honestly I'd need credible sources on that "collective punishment" was ever carried out against landlord families that weren't themselves involved in criminal business. China didn't even do collective punishment against Japanazi settler families, I find it very hard to believe they'd punish someone just for being related to a landlord, unless they're actively part of said landlord's enforcers.
Many of the landlords understandably had their relatives as their lieutenants and underbosses.