Like most countries the same size, Vietnam lacks the internal market to really incubate national champions, so it needs a developed patron market. For Korea and Japan, that was the US. But the US doesn’t trust Vietnam since it’s not a vassal.Vietnam’s issue is they tried to suck up to West too much. They don’t have the balls to do something like the Great Firewall. The issue is that now it’s not possible because 1. their people are too addicted to Facebook (and other western stuff in general) and 2. the west actually doesn’t need them because of China and other competitors
China could play this role for Vietnam maybe in 10-20 years. Only after it’s built up its own domestic champions already though.