They will have to test it before they pour money (and a lot of it) into deploying it. They can try and keep such a test a secret from the press...and perhaps succeed. They will not be able to keep it a secret from a nation like the US who will detect a ballitic missile launch and track it.Why waste it? If they tested it (ie told the world they have this capability) it removes all ambiguity and all potential rivals will pour funds into developing a counter, and it will only be a matter of time before an effective countermeasure is developed and the advantage such a weapons system offers is diminished if not neutralized.
As to the defense against it, the US (and others) are already well along in that portion. The newer versions of AEGIS have a BMD component which has been tested many times successfully against incoming ballistic missile RVs. The US already has missiles deployed that can shoot down incoming ballistic missiles. They are already testing (and successfully) the use of lasers for defense purposes, and at some point will begin testing charged particle beams for the same.
So, the defenses against just this sort of attack are already in place and getting stronger.
Nonetheless, such a capability, if it existed, to successfully hit a moving warship at sea with a ballistic missile would be a very strong capability and one that retains, even with the defenses, some chance of success. But the Chinese, IMHO, are a long ways from an operational weapon system. When they actually perform a test, shooting a ballistic missile out to sea at a moving vessel (which they will simply not be able to hide) and hit it, then we will know that they are proceeding towards operational deployment.