What are all of those antennas doing, particularly the massive array above the level of the funnel?
The long antennas on an aircraft carrier are used for various purposes. They are called aerials and are used to help the pilots communicate with other people. The antennas can have many different shapes and sizes, which are largely determined by the manufacturer itself. Their shape and placement are usually determined by their directional qualities and the frequencies they use to operate.
If you’re referring to the long poles that extend horizontally off the sides of an aircraft carrier, they are HF radio masts that are hinged down for flying operations. They can be lowered to lay horizontally, presumably to keep them out of the way of any aircraft landing or taking off. They are manually lifted when in close confines.