That's actually a good point. If a C-130 could take off from a flat top without a catapult, why can't a PLAN AEWC aircraft take off from a Liaoning with a ski jump?
The so called unassisted take off was a normal procedure in the 1960th and 1970th.
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The issue is what it does to the operation of aircraft on the deck, the temp, and the ability to quickly get a lot of aircraft into the air.
Sure a C-130 could use the whole deck to land and take off. But nothing else happens while it is doing so.
With CATs, the airraft in question simply takes its place in line and gets launched like everything else.
It is a finely tuned orchestra of aircraft operating...tking off, landing, moving around the deck to where they need to go.
When it is set up and operating like a well oiled machine with the personnel well trained it becomes a very capable and efficient operation.
Throwing aircraft in that foul that up and cause everything to stop and wait for them simply impacts the efficiency of the operations too much.
The Chinese will learn this...and probably already know it, respect it, and are biding their time until they have the right equipment and aircraft to be able to maximize their operations.
The US launched a whole squadron of 16 B-25s of a carrier early on in World War II...ut it was a one off operation. They could not land those aircraft on deck then, and even if they could, it would simply not make since to use up a large carrier deck in that fashion.
Same thing today.
Anyhow, just some more food for thought.