The "At what Cost?"-ing exercise works favorable in terms of energy costs.
Electricity cost per unit kWh (
):
- U.S.A: 12.5 cents per kilo-watt hour (kWh)
- China: 4.3 cents per kilo-watt hour
That represents a 70% less electricity cost in China vs. US, due to abundance of cheap hydroelectricity power, and as low as 92% less if you go to Sichuan hydroelectric dams with 1 cent per kWh, which became haven for GPU Bitcoin mining farms.
An 5nm chip is 15% performance gain vs. 7nm chip at same power draw, or 30% reduced power consumption at the same performance. These are vastly outweigh by lower electricity cost in China compared with U.S. We are talking about a big gap even if you go 3nm chips.
Notwithstanding that at one point, US market electricity prices increased considerably due to Ukraine war sanctions...my electricity bill increased considerably.
Edit: clarified post