who said the market were rational? If the market were rational, there won't be any market at all .....
What I was saying people are willing to pay more for Tesla/TSMC shares than Toyota/Intel shares ..... that what matter, and whatever you/me think is unfortunately don't matter at all .....
Yes, but relevant to the topic on hand, the valuation is not really based on the reality of semiconductor design and manufacturing. It's not like TSMC has ultra technology that no one can develop, just that the market conditions favour their current capabilities. If the market shifts to RISC-V or something, they might not enjoy the same competitive advantage.
It will be at TSMC since they will own the fabs. Once the contract with Intel expires they can use the fabs for whatever they want too.
Samsung's process is inferior but a lot of companies are using their fabs. The ones you mentioned and others like IBM. IBM's server chips for POWER and zSeries are manufactured at Samsung.
Intel was always going to have a tough time beating ARM in the mobile space. x86 on mobile would have no second source which means vendors would be locked in to Intel. A lot of people forget but when x86 started out IBM forced Intel to license their design so there were several other suppliers including AMD and others. As time went by Intel successively forced these players out of the market and bought these licenses out. VIA is one of the few other companies left standing with a license but even their license should expire soon.
Their only way out would be Intel selling their processors to a company like Apple which controls the operating system, hardware design, application store, and has a captive client base. But Apple has long since went their own way in designing chips so Intel no longer has any chance of that.
If Intel wanted to go after Qualcomm they should have made their own ARM compatible design. At one point Intel had the best ARM chip design in the market, XScale formerly known as StrongARM, which they got as a result of the purchase of DEC's chip design unit. This was used in PDAs like the Compaq iPAQ. Intel let it fester and die and now they are paying for it.
I think the strategy for Intel in this case is to buy time.
You buy up TSMC's capacity and look to build up better capability and servicing of customers for the fabs.
Furthermore, any success on this front will allow for a greater separation of the business units to exist independently.
There would also be some hope that the US Geopolitical situation might force some onshoring.
IMO, I don't think you are right about some of the business factors.
It's not the lack of second source that was the issue (IMO). Qualcomm basically has a monopoly on the non-Apple ARM market in the US, if not the whole Western world. Not even Samsung is interested in selling their own Exynos based phones in North America.
As I mentioned, Qualcomm was actively blocking development of Intel-based phones.
Second, from the software side, please correct me if I'm wrong because I am not a software dev, but as far as working with Android, Intel had to keep up to date with making sure everything was working with the x86 on its own, but the OS by default is working with ARM CPUs.
Finally, I did not mention, but by 2012 Qualcomm had integrated the modem onto the SoC (Snapdragon S4), by basically not selling a separate modem to non-Qualcomm users (exception being Apple of course), this basically killed all those "second sources" you mentioned, TI OMAP, even nVidia Tegra. nVidia tried to buy a modem designer, Icera, but failed to bring a product to market.
Intel tried to alleviate this by buying the Infineon modem business, but they struggled to develop a power efficient all-global bands 4G modem solution (I don't know the technical reasons for this), but it was too late anyway.
Those competition you mentioned were largely irrelevant by the end of the 486 era/transition to P5-Pentium. Those companies like AMD and Cyrix all struggled to develop FPU performance on par with Intel. Furthermore, they were hamstrung by their inability to design some of the underlying architecture such as front side bus (again, I only have some rough knowledge of the technical aspects). Finally, just like Qualcomm did to them, Intel paid off the big OEMs, Dell, HP, Compaq, IBM, Gateway, etc. to never use AMD or Cyrix CPUs.
The x86 competition from this era is littered with slain corpses, Transmeta, NextGen (became AMD K6), IDT/Centaur (bought by VIA). It was not licensing that killed these companies, they were simply technically and financially inferior to Intel. So, again, it was there was no competition, these guys could not compete. (I actually owned a 233 Mhz AMD K6 computer)
As I pointed out above, XScale would have been irrelevant. It probably would be another also-ran without the modem. OMAP was the original Android CPU and didn't make it. XScale was sold to Marvell and became Armada... don't even think it got to market in handsets.