Some illustrations from a
describing a proposal for an astroid defense system. The paper is part of a special issue, which you can
.
A brief summary of the proposal:
Upon detecting a threatening astroid via ground based observation, an impactor and an observer satellite are launched together toward the target. The observer satellite arrives first and performs a detailed study of the target astroid, including taking topographical 3D scans and measuring its material composition and orbit. The impactor arrives later at the target and autonomously sets itself on an impact course. The observer satellite records the impact process and again takes detailed measurements of the astroid post impact and then compares the latest measurements with previously recorded data to assess whether the impact has sufficiently altered the astroid's path. The advantage of the proposal is that it eliminates the limitations of ground-based observation on assessing the effectiveness of an impact.