Mars is a close neighbor of Earth. Among the planetary systems in the solar system, the climate and environment of Mars is the closest to that of Earth. Studies have shown that at least 3 billion years ago, Mars may have been a habitable planet with a global magnetic field, abundant liquid water, and a dense atmosphere. Therefore, Mars has been an ideal planet for human beings to explore planets and search for extraterrestrial life for many years.
At present, humans have carried out nearly 50 Mars exploration missions to Mars. Numerous observations from these missions have shown frequent dust activity on the surface of Mars. Especially during the spring and summer seasons in the southern hemisphere of Mars, large-scale dust activities often erupt on Mars, and the dust activities can sometimes even cover the whole of Mars (see Figure 1 ). This has brought great interference and threat to the human Mars exploration mission. Dust will cover the rover's solar panels, affecting the rover's operation and causing mechanical failures. It can be said that Martian dust storms are the killer of Mars surface probes. In addition, when approaching or during sandstorms, Mars' atmospheric pressure conditions and wind fields change rapidly, which will also have a serious impact on the landing or departure of the Mars probe.
Although my country's Mars exploration started relatively late, it has developed rapidly. my country's "Tianwen-1" successfully completed the engineering exploration mission goal of "circling, landing, and patrolling" on Mars at one time, realizing the leap from the earth-moon system to the solar system in my country's deep space exploration, and making my country the world's largest after the United States. The second country with the ability to land on Mars. my country will also implement the "Tianwen-3"-Mars sampling and return mission in the future.
During my country's "Tianwen-1" exploration mission, the "Zhurong" Mars rover was also hit by a severe sandstorm. At present, the "Zhu Rong" Mars rover is in a dormant state. The MRO satellite of the United States has photographed that the Zhu Rong Mars rover is full of dust, so it is still unknown whether the Zhu Rong Mars rover can be successfully awakened.
In order to serve China's future Mars exploration missions,
research team at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has already started to carry out related research work on the organization of Martian dust storms in March 2022 , and published a series of scientific review articles on "Science Bulletin" . The team summarized and analyzed the impact of the Martian dust storm on the Mars rover, and based on the historical dust storm data on Mars, analyzed and predicted the changes in dust activity experienced by the Zhurong rover during 2022 . In particular, on the basis of fully investigating the current research on Martian dust storm activities, the team proposed that my country should carry out multi-point satellite monitoring of dust activities in Mars synchronous orbit as early as possible. As shown in Figure 2 , the entire satellite monitoring network includes three geosynchronous orbit satellites and one polar orbit satellite, which can form a " four points in one " Mars global weather monitoring network. Through the multi-point detection of the satellite network, uninterrupted and continuous monitoring of the global weather on Mars can be formed, thereby establishing my country's independent Martian dust storm and weather monitoring and early warning system.
Such a multi-satellite global monitoring network has very important strategic significance in Mars scientific exploration and engineering applications. This will be very useful for monitoring and early warning of Martian dust storms, monitoring Martian space environment, atmosphere and surface landform changes, ensuring Mars - Earth communication, developing Mars positioning and navigation technology, improving the efficiency of detector data storage and uploading, and improving the quality of Mars scientific exploration. Great scientific significance and engineering value. This will provide very important service support for ensuring the smooth progress of my country's future Mars sampling and return missions and ensuring human follow-up scientific exploration of Mars.
In view of the many advantages of Mars synchronous orbit in science and engineering, Mars synchronous orbit will surely become the "strategic" highland for future Mars exploration. The research team calls on our country to deploy multi-point satellite monitoring in the Mars synchronous orbit as soon as possible, to escort China's Mars sampling and return mission, and to contribute Chinese power to human exploration of Mars !
