An illustration from an academic paper on using a mother satellite and its child satellites to conduct in-orbit servicing and/or de-orbiting of satellites. Basically, a mother satellite carrying several smaller child satellites approaches a target satellite from a parallel orbit and then releases the child satellites, which then maneuver into an orbit around the target satellite. From there, the mother satellite directs and cooperates with child satellites to carry out servicing or de-orbiting of the target satellite.