China's overland Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road Thread

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Pakistan signs nearly $500 million in China deals at Belt & Road summit

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ISLAMABAD: Pakistan signed new deals with China on Saturday worth nearly $500 million ahead of Beijing's international forum on its "Silk Road" trade and infrastructure initiative for Asia, Africa and Europe, the Pakistani government said.

The memorandums of understanding add to $57 billion already pledged for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a network of rail, road and energy infrastructure that is part of the wider Chinese project also known as One Belt-One Road.

The deals came as Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif met Chinese President Xi Jinping ahead of the Beijing summit expected to be attended by leaders from at least 29 countries to promote Xi's vision of expanding trade links.

Delegates in Beijing will hold a series of sessions on Sunday to discuss the plan in more detail, including trade and finance.

Proposed in 2013 by Xi, the project is broad on ambition but still short on specifics.

Pakistan has been a flagship country and one of the most enthusiastic supporters of the One Belt-One Road initiative, in part because many projects are for power plants to alleviate the country's decade-long energy-shortage crisis that sees frequent blackouts.

"China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is a core component of your visionary initiative of the "One Belt-One Road," Sharif told Xi when they met at the Great Hall of China on Saturday, according to the Associated Press of Pakistan.

PROJECTS

Xi called for a swift completion of projects involving Gwadar Port and special economic and industrial parks along the corridor, state Xinhua news service reported.

Among the 3.4 billion RMB($493 million) in deals Sharif's office said were signed on Saturday were:

- Two cooperation agreements worth 2.3 billion RMB ($333 million) for an airport in the southwestern town of Gwadar, site of a deep-water port that is to provide an outlet to the Arabian Sea from the far western Chinese province of Xinjiang.

- Establishment of the Havelian Dry Port in Pakistan.

- Agreement on economic and technical cooperation (1.1 billion RMB) ($160 million) for the East Bay Expressway linking Gwadar to Pakistan's existing highway system.

China says that between 2014 and 2016, its businesses signed projects worth $304.9 billion in Belt and Road countries. Some of the projects could be in development for years.

Some countries are wary of the debt burden that the Chinese financing could create.

Pakistan, however, has expressed an optimistic view, with the government's chief economist telling Reuters this week that the repayments will peak at around $5 billion in 2022, but will be more than offset by transit fees charged on the new transport corridor.
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Neelam-Jhelum 969MW electricity cost to decrease to Rs9.15/unit

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ISLAMABAD - Reduction in mark-up rate on the re-lending for the 969 MW Neelum Jhelum Hydroelectric Power (NJHP) project is likely to reduce its electricity cost to Rs9.15 per unit, it is learnt reliably here.

Last month, Water and Power Development Authority (Wapda) has requested the federal government to reduce the mark-up on foreign borrowing as it is being re-lending at much higher rates to the NJHP project. However, the Planning Commission has asked the government that instead of reducing mark-up rate on re-lending for one project, reduce it for all the electricity projects which will help reducing the cost of the electricity and the timely completion of the projects, official sources told The Nation.

The official said that the federal government borrows money from foreign creditors at a lower mark-up, but the Economic Affairs Division (EAD) is charging 15 percent on the re-lending of these loans to different government entities. On the other hand, as compare to the government entities and Wapda, the EAD charges the provinces in much lower rate. The Wapda has therefore requested the government to bring the mark-up rates to the level of provinces.

Currently, the federal government is re-lending foreign loans to Wapda for the NJHP project at a very high mark-up of 15 percent per annum. Out of the total cost of Rs500 billion of the Neelum Jhelum, around Rs90 billion is Interest During Construction (IDC), the official said. Reduction in high mark-up will considerably reduce the generation cost of the electricity, the official said.

The reduction in interest rate on the re-lending can considerably reduce the levelised tariff of the project to around Rs9.15 from the estimated Rs13.12 per unit. The levelised cost of electricity is the net present value of the unit-cost of electricity over the lifetime of a generating asset.

The Planning Commission is of the view that instead of making money on foreign loans, the EAD should charge the original interest rates from all the electricity projects to ensure affordable electricity, the official said.

The intake Neelum-Jhelum is at Nauseri 41km east of Muzaffarabad and has installed capacity of 969MW. The project was originally estimated to cost Rs130 billion in 2007, which went up to Rs275 billion in 2012, partly because of changes in specifications arising out of geographical changes following the devastating earthquake of 2005.

Soon after assuming the charge as prime minister in 2013, Nawaz Sharif issued directives for its completion by December 2015. But later due to funds shortage, the project was delayed which has resulted in further escalation of cost to Rs404 billion and later to Rs500 billion. The deadline for the completion was rescheduled twice first to the end of 2016, then mid 2017 and now it is expected to be partially operational by early 2018. The first, second and third units of Neelum-Jhelum project would start operations by February 28, 2018, March 15, 2018 and April 15, 2018, respectively.

However, when contacted an official of the Wapda said that they have yet to finalise the final tariff for the Neelum Jhelum project and it was too early to determine the per unit cost.
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China produces subway trains for Pakistan A train designed for a Pakistani subway rolled off the production line in central China's Hunan Province , the first of 27.

Produced by CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd., the train with five coaches was designed for the 25.58 km Orange Line Metro in Lahore, Pakistan's second largest city.

An energy-saving air-conditioning system suitable for the constant high summer temperature and unstable voltage in Pakistan is the showpiece of the design, according to a corporation engineer.

The design combines the national flower of Pakistan and the shape of the dome of the Badshahi Mosque.

Heat-resistant bogies increase durability, said the engineer. The designed maximum operational speed of the train is around 80 km per hour.

The train will be delivered in July with another 26 following by the end of the year.
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- Great news for banking stakeholders in Pakistan, State Bank of Pakistan issues license to China's Bank of China 中国银行, welcome to
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. Wish you all the best.

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would become an international smart port city soon: Professor Ahsan Iqbal

Pakistan and China signed various agreements and memorandum of understandings on making Gwadar a world class modern port city and on leveraging special economic zones to capture the window of opportunity for structural transformation in Pakistan.

Both the side signed contract and implementation minutes of Gwadar Master City Plan. The parties also signed implementation minutes of Gwadar Eastbay Expressway.

The Gwadar Eastbay Expressway project has been initiated to construct 18.981 km 4-lane divided expressway with embankment for 6-lanes structures. “It would integrate Gwadar Port with the Makran Coastal Highway as well as with the free zone and future container terminals” he remarked.

Meanwhile, Pakistan and China signed MoU on Leveraging Special Economic Zones to capture the Window of Opportunity for Structural Transformation in Pakistan.

Minister Ahsan Iqbal said on the occasion that both the nations agreed to ensure cooperation for enabling joint research on the policy formulation for Special Economic Zones (SEZs). “We agreed to work together to form synergy on policy formulation on SEZs, enhance coordination and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in order to promote CPEC in a steady manner, realizing peaceful development and common prosperity of the two countries” l

Minister on the occasion said Chinese companies should ensure knowledge transformation in the coal energy generation sector by linking with Pakistani engineering institutes. “Pakistan’s Engineering Councils could play a vital role by connecting with Chinese Companies for creation of knowledge resource in this sector”.

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China and Pakistan have agreed to jointly upgrade the 1,600-kilometer railway linking southern and northern Pakistan as part of a move to push forward construction of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).

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"China and Pakistan have signed memorandums of understanding to increase the speed of the railway connecting Karachi and Peshawar, as well as upgrade its signal system and railway stations," Zafaruddin Mahmood, Pakistan's special envoy on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, said in interview here on Tuesday.

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The deals signed on the sidelines of the ongoing Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation also include one on the construction of the Havelian land port, which is on the Karakoram Highway that connects Pakistan and Kashgar in China's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.

The Havelian land port will serve as a transfer station where goods shipped from China can be loaded from trucks to trains after the planned China-Pakistan railway connecting Gwadar Port and Kashgar is completed, he said.

Gwadar Port in southwestern Pakistan is at the Strait of Hormuz, which has been seen as pivotal to securing an energy route for China.

It is currently under the management of Chinese Overseas Port Holdings Ltd. China will also help Pakistan build an international airport in Gwadar and a highway connecting the deep-sea port to the airport. The two countries also plan to launch a satellite to improve Pakistan's capabilities in land surveying, Mahmood said.

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The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is an important part of the Belt and Road Initiative, he said.

"Pakistan has been suffering from terrorism, which has made many foreign businesses hesitate about investing in Pakistan. After China laid out the plan for the corridor's development, businesses from more than 50 countries and regions have been involved in CPEC-related projects because they've seen opportunities," Mahmood said.

"It's a perfect example of the globalization brought by the initiative.” Besides bringing business potential and boosting economic development, the initiative has also improved people's lives. China will help Pakistan increase its electricity supply by 80 percent in the next five years and some power plants have already started generating power, the special envoy said.

"In the past, people from some areas of Pakistan could have electricity in their homes for only half a day. During the summer, the temperature in those areas can reach 50 C and people had to live without electric fans or air conditioning. Now they can turn them on any time of the day. You can imagine how happy they are,
 
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