Except that in the case of Hong Kong, the son was kidnapped from birth by bandits ....
All former colonies are 'kidnapped children' in this analogy. That makes the role of 'education' more (not less) important. Ceding the initiative in the psychological battlefield and "hoping" it works out is a bad idea. ~"Hope is not a strategy."
Very good point and makes one wonder, why is Indian media blasted over Pakistan and not the one way around? Why is western media so dominating? Is it because they have the illusion of not being independent?
Why are some non-western media better at penetration around the world even though they are not independent media eg. TRT, RT, Al Jezeera? Is it because of their style of reporting? Sensationalism? China needs to know the reasons to learn and combat such things or else they will be perpetually behind.
I'd recommend reading Manufacturing Consent, by Chomsky, which details how Western Media works. It is by far the most detailed and systematic examination of this issue, quantitatively and qualitatively. It's basically the standard by which all analysis of the media should be conducted. There's also a documentary on the book that you can watch.
As for how to combat it, that's not easy. I think the first step is that the population needs to understand its own axioms. Secondly, it needs to understand how media is manipulated and how propaganda works e.g. It needs to be able to conduct source analysis independently. The more members of a society that are truly aware and thinking independently, the more inoculated that population will be to viral propaganda.