Unfortunately, that is not how technology works. Having a "rough" knowledge of what someone has done does not meaningfully help you create a 180 ton machine with 5,000 suppliers and mirrors ground so precisely that, if scaled to the size of Germany, they would have no bumps bigger than a millimeter.
EUV was theoretically proven in 1998. It took them 20 more years to practically develop it. There is no reason to think China would take less time. If anything, China may take even longer because it does not have all the supplier industries that ASML had access to during the 2000s and 2010s. Many of those industries don't even exist in China or are just getting started at a primitive state. If China develops an EUV machine by 2040 I will be impressed.
Maybe if China had maintained good relations with the West, bidden its time and hidden its strength a bit longer, it could have imported an EUV machine from the Netherlands, and then it would have been able to disassemble it and study it, and gain some clues. (Although even that would have cost it $250 million and give itself away). But it cannot even do that now.
You state that it would a Chinese company would require more time and money - in order to redevelop something which has already been developed elsewhere.
That is an illogical statement to make.
You state that China doesn't have access to all the supplier industries that ASML had access to.
That is true in certain respects, but the same principle applies to those supplier industries.
It is always easier for a follower to develop those supplier industries and to catchup, rather than having to develop everything from scratch without any prior knowledge of what is possible.
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There's no hiding China's strength/size.
Remember that after the Hainan Incident of 2001, the neocon hawks were already itching to cast China as the next enemy.
But fortunately the War on Terror redirected America's focus for a decade.
The USA should really have realised the challenge posed by China back in 2014.
That was when China passed the USA in terms of actual economic output in PPP terms.
But fortunately the Russia-Ukraine War from 2014 provided another big distraction.