Thankfully, @大包CG just posted this CGI side-by-side comparison between the 054B and Constellation FFGs (which is close to the real ones, dimension-wise at least):
View attachment 117895
While both the 054B and Constellation have nearly the same length:
1. The beam of 054B is around 18 meters, while the beam of Constellation is almost 20 meters;
2. Constellation is visibly taller than 054B; and
3. The 054B displaces around 6000 tons, while the Constellation displaces nearly 7300 tons.
This makes the Constellation almost one 056-class corvette-heavier than the 054B. For warships of such displacement range, that means quite a lot.
Then, notice the slanted AShM canisters on both the 054B and Constellation. In this case, the 054B uses YJ-12, while the Constellation uses the NSM.
The YJ-12 is more massive than the NSM, such that the YJ-12 canisters span most of the 054B's beam. In the meantime, the NSM canisters only took up around one quarter of the Constellation's beam on either side.
So, there you have it. Apart from what others have already mentioned before (i.e. 054B's role in the PLAN and how the 054B are meant to be designed and deployed), trying to fit 16 YJ-12s on the 054B is simply impossible.