Another way to look at it, the backbones of PLAN's modern surface combat ships: carriers, 055's, 052D, 054A, 071, were basically non-existent in 2009. It's almost saying that a large, modern navy has been created from scratch within a decade.
I would give the 2009 PLAN more credit than that. They had ships for two solid SAGs, one of which would double as an ARG with the lone LPD, on top of a decent coastal defense force. It was sufficient as a minimum maritime deterrence for the Chinese mainland. Today they can contend for superiority within the 1st island chain.