News on China's scientific and technological development.

We know that military power today is not just about planes, tanks and ships. China is now a world leader in terms of AI, robotics, batteries, self driving cars, sensors, camera’s, telecommunications and many other types of technologies. All of these technologies are useful to the military. Do we know how China is integrating and using these technologies in the military.

For instance China has been doing a lot of very close intercepts of American planes in the South China Sea. There are more than a hundred of these very close intercepts without crashing into each other I always wonder if China has adopted self driving car technology into its planes in the SCS to help to prevent collisions.

Franklin said:

We know that military power today is not just about planes, tanks and ships. China is now a world leader in terms of AI, robotics, batteries, self driving cars, sensors, camera’s, telecommunications and many other types of technologies. All of these technologies are useful to the military. Do we know how China is integrating and using these technologies in the military.

For instance China has been doing a lot of very close intercepts of American planes in the South China Sea. There are more than a hundred of these very close intercepts without crashing into each other I always wonder if China has adopted self driving car technology into its planes in the SCS to help to prevent collisions.

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well, there was that Mengshi armored vehicle equipped with Lidar and everything else. Seems like all the ADAS stuff has a lot of applications.

I don't know if airplane is one of them

's fingertip feel: A Chinese team developed a highly sensitive robotic sensory system for texture recognition. The system having the sensitivity of human fingers can identify 20 kinds of textiles with an average 98.9% accuracy, helping enhance the perceptibility of robots.







source- @ChinaScience

In 2023, Mainland China has 17.9% of the highly cited researchers () in the world, up from 7.9% in 2018, according to a .

China has been at the second place for several years. The US still keeps the first place but its share has been slowly dropping from 43.3% in 2018 to 37.5% this year.

Hong Kong is at the 9th place between France and Italy with 1.7% of the total.

China also has two of the top 10 institutions with the most HCRs: Chinese Academy of Sciences at the first place and Tsinghua University at the 5th place.

Highly Cited Researchers have demonstrated significant and broad influence in their field(s) of research.​

Each researcher selected has authored multiple Highly Cited Papers™ which rank in the top 1% by citations for their field(s) and publication year in the Web of Science™ over the past decade. However, citation activity is not the sole selection indicator. A preliminary list based on citation activity is then refined using qualitative analysis and expert judgement.

Of the world’s population of scientists and social scientists, Highly Cited Researchers™ are 1 in 1,000.

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The key findings for 2023 show:

• 6,849 individual researchers from institutions in 67 countries/regions have been named this year, but 83.8% are based in just 10 countries and 72.7% in the top five, a remarkable concentration of top talent.
• Some extraordinary researchers are recognized in multiple Essential Science Indicators™ (ESI) research fields: 238 named in two fields, 21 named in three fields, four named in four fields, and one named in five fields. Their achievements are truly exceptional and indicate broad, multidisciplinary influence among their peers.
• This year 2,669 Highly Cited Researcher designations were given to researchers at institutions in the United States, which amounts to 37.5% of the group, down from 43.3% in 2018. While the slow downward loss of share continues for U.S.-based Highly Cited Researchers, the U.S. clearly still leads the world in research influence.
• Mainland China is second this year, as it has been for several years, with 1,275 Highly Cited Researcher designations, or 17.9%, up from 7.9% in 2018. In five years, Mainland China has more than doubled its world share of the Highly Cited Researcher population. This reflects a transformational rebalancing of scientific and scholarly contributions at the top level through the globalization of research.
• Among all institutions, including governmental and other types of research organizations, the Chinese Academy of Sciences heads the list with 270 Highly Cited Researcher recognitions, up from 228 last year.Other top-ranked governmental or non-university institutions include the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) (105), Max Planck Society (59), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (49) and the Broad Institute (27).

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Figure 1: Highly Cited Researcher 2023 designations by country/region


Figure 2: Highly Cited Researcher 2023 designations by institution

Tsinghua University created 2D reconfigurable semiconductor device that can be programmed to have "function as polarity-switchable diode, memory, in-memory Boolean logic gates and artificial synapses with homosynaptic plasticity and heterosynaptic plasticity."

Paper:

Programmable graded doping for reconfigurable molybdenum ditelluride devices​

Abstract​

Non-volatile reconfigurable devices have the potential to improve integration levels and lower power consumption in next-generation electronics. Two-dimensional semiconductors are promising materials for making non-volatile reconfigurable devices due to their atomic thinness and strong gate control, but it is challenging to create varied reconfigurable functions with a simple device configuration. Here we show that an effective-gate-voltage-programmed graded-doping strategy can be used to create a single-gate two-dimensional molybdenum ditelluride device with multiple reconfigurable functions. The device can be programmed to function as a polarity-switchable diode, memory, in-memory Boolean logic gates and artificial synapses with homosynaptic plasticity and heterosynaptic plasticity. As a diode, the device exhibits a rectification ratio of up to 104; as an artificial heterosynapse, it shows heterosynaptic metaplasticity with a modulatory power consumption that can be reduced to 7.3 fW.

News release:

材料学院刘锴课题组在二维可重构器件方面取得进展

清华新闻网11月15日电 自从集成电路发明以来，晶体管尺寸的不断微缩推动信息时代飞速发展。但是，随着制程节点进入亚10纳米，传统硅基场效应晶体管由于受到短沟道效应等限制，器件尺寸进一步缩小日渐困难。在后摩尔时代，为了不实际缩小器件尺寸而继续获得缩放的性能优势，人们提出了可重构晶体管的概念。可重构晶体管可以在单个晶体管器件上实现多种自由切换的功能，因此能够减小器件的有效线宽，扩展集成电路的功能，提升系统的集成度。然而，硅基晶体管难以实现单器件层级的可重构性；虽然可以通过控制电路和附加的存储单元实现芯片层级的可重构性，但是这些附加电路和存储单元导致系统复杂性升高、集成度下降、制造成本增加。因此，发展超越硅基的新型可重构器件成为集成电路领域发展的迫切需求。

以过渡金属硫族化物（TMDCs）为代表的二维半导体材料拥有原子级厚度、无悬挂键的层状结构和易被外场调控的电学性能，具有实现晶体管器件可重构功能的巨大优势。为了构建二维可重构器件，需要对二维半导体沟道材料进行可逆掺杂；为了进一步实现更多的可重构功能，则需要对可逆掺杂位点进行局域精细化调控。这使得器件的结构复杂度与可重构功能的丰富性之间存在天然的矛盾。低结构复杂度的器件，如单栅极可重构器件，仅能实现两种或三种可重构功能；为了实现三种以上的可重构功能，人们发展出多栅极器件和离子型栅极器件，但多栅极或异质材料的引入又使得二维可重构器件像硅基可重构器件面临的困境一样，不可避免地增加了系统复杂性和制造成本。因此，如何在低结构复杂度的器件上实现丰富的可重构功能，仍然是极具挑战性的难题。

针对上述关键问题，清华大学材料学院刘锴课题组以双极性的二碲化钼（MoTe2）作为沟道材料，基于“有效栅压”调控的沟道梯度掺杂机制，在结构简单的单栅极晶体管器件中实现了迄今报道的最为丰富的可重构功能。其基本原理是在二维MoTe2器件两侧同时施加大源漏电压和大栅压，使得在沿沟道方向上引入梯度分布的有效栅压。该有效栅压能精准控制沟道表面的气体吸脱附，从而实现双极性MoTe2沟道的梯度掺杂和极性调控。通过控制在重构过程中施加的源漏电压和栅极电压，可以在沟道中引入不同的梯度掺杂分布，从而实现器件的多种可重构功能，包括极性可调的二极管、存储器、逻辑存储器、三端人工神经突触等丰富的功能

Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics has developed the world’s largest ~2m seamless pulse compression grating

Recently, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics has successfully prepared an ultra-large-diameter ( 1620mm × 1070mm ) seamless pulse compression grating. The area of this diameter is 2.9 times that of the largest similar grating element known in the world. The pulse compression grating is the core component of the ultra-powerful and ultra-short laser device. It has the dual functions of narrow pulse width and transmission energy load. Its aperture size is proportional to the output flux of the laser device. The existing international grating manufacturing technology can no longer meet the development needs of ultra-strong and ultra-short laser technology from tens to hundreds of petawatts per channel.

This breakthrough in grating technology is based on our internationally pioneered ultra-large-aperture reflective single static exposure technology. Since 2018 , Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics has given full play to its technical advantages driven by the demand for high-power laser components, processing, testing and large equipment, and has successively made breakthroughs in large-diameter high-precision off-axis parabolic mirror processing and surface defect detection and suppression, exposure environment A series of key technologies include stable control of temperature flow field, regulation of large-aperture interference light field, uniform preparation of large-area photoresist nano-coating, and high-precision exposure and development monitoring. The ultra-large size seamless pulse compression grating produced based on the above series of technologies has an average efficiency higher than 93% @ > 200nm bandwidth. Key indicators such as mask height, groove shape, uniformity and complex effect are in line with expectations, proving that our institute has In terms of engineering capabilities, we have mastered the only way to achieve it in the world and achieved China's international leadership in this field. The technological breakthrough at this stage not only solves the main technical bottleneck for single-channel 100-petawatt or even watt-level ultra-powerful and ultra-short lasers, but also provides guarantee for the large-scale construction of my country's ultra-powerful and ultra-short laser devices.

This research was supported by the National Key R&D Plan, the Shanghai Strategic Emerging Industry Major Project, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ major scientific research instrument development projects. The above series of technological breakthroughs were supported by Dalian University of Technology, Tsinghua University, Changchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics, and Jiangsu Leibo Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd. The important support and collaboration between the company and Suzhou Hongce Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.

good to see more consumer electronics companies in China adopting NearLink

Here is ChangHong doing it with their first NearLink TV

China's first ultra thin glass (UTG) production line starts rolling out final product. UTG is a critical material for making foldable mobile phones.

我国首条一次成型超薄柔性电子玻璃（UTG）生产线在阿克苏正式投产​

11月19日，我国首条一次成型超薄柔性电子玻璃（UTG）生产线在阿克苏正式投产，标志着我国显示材料发展进入了新的里程碑，有效填补了国内高端显示材料领域的空白。自治区党委常委、自治区政府副主席玉苏甫江·麦麦提出席活动并宣布项目正式投产。

阿克苏地委书记吴红展参加活动并致辞。地委副书记、行署专员阿迪力·艾力主持活动。

吴红展指出，近年来，地区坚持以新发展理念引领高质量发展，深入实施创新驱动发展战略，大力发展新能源、新材料等战略新兴产业，为高质量发展注入了强劲动能。新疆腾宇光电科技有限公司自成立以来，一直专注于UTG超薄柔性玻璃的研发与应用，在该领域取得了一系列原创性、突破性、标志性成果。希望公司以项目投产为契机，积极抢占市场先机，尽早达产达效，为地区经济社会发展作出更大贡献。期盼各位院士专家充分发挥技术优势，加大与地区在能源化工产业链延伸、新材料研发等方面合作交流，助力地区科技创新和高质量发展。地区将全力营造最佳的发展环境，为企业提供最大的政策支持、最优的服务保障，助推企业做大做强做优。

东旭集团董事长李兆廷表示，东旭集团是我国显示产业核心材料国产化的领军者，先后荣获国家科技进步一等奖、中国专利金奖、全国制造业单项冠军等国家级荣誉，是显示材料和部分芯片材料的标准制定者。东旭集团在阿克苏落地的UTG项目示范意义大、引领作用强，今后将把阿克苏基地做大做强做优，引领和带动产业链上下游集群式发展，为阿克苏和新疆产业结构转型升级作出积极贡献。

自治区工信厅、科技厅领导阿不力克木·艾则孜、于峰，地区领导贾京磊、薛建强以及地市相关单位负责人，俄罗斯物理学家、2010年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者康斯坦丁·诺沃肖洛夫等14位院士专家参加活动。

China's first cat from somatic cell with homegrown equipment and reagents was born Sunday in E China's Qingdao, proving the country has established a self-sufficient cloning process. The 141-g male orange cat was born from a surrogate female cat after a 69-day pregnancy...

A team of undergraduates of Civil Aviation University of China created a heat resistant glue to attach ziconium dioxide ceramic to nickel titanium alloy. This glue can maintain shear strength above 5MPa from room temperature to 1100 Celsius and sustain high temperature up to 1200 Celsius.

In addition to ceramic, the glue can also attach other materials such as aerogel, aluminium dioxide fiber fabric, heat-resistant glass to nickel titanium alloy. The inventors have got their patent(s) on this glue granted.


记者11月20日从中国民航大学获悉，该校本科生团队研发了一种适用于氧化锆与钛合金专用耐高温胶。该胶黏剂最高耐温可达1200℃，室温至1100℃范围内的粘接强度均高于5兆帕，很好地解决了陶瓷合金之间的高温粘接技术难题，在航空航天领域具有广泛的应用前景。该成果近日发表在国际期刊《今日材料通讯》上，并授权国家发明专利。

据了解，随着航空航天科技的重大突破，众多超高音速飞行器应运而生。高超音速飞机在机身前缘与发动机周围舱壁部位存在的热防护问题，一直是制约飞机速度与安全的重要因素。

陶瓷基复合材料是实现热防护的重要部件，其与金属部件的组合可通过互补方式来实现飞行器的有效防护。然而，机械连接、焊接、钎焊、传统胶接等常规方式，难以保障陶瓷与合金大型部件在极端高温环境的有效连接，而极具潜力的耐高温胶接技术在陶瓷与合金连接方面存在空白。

中国民航大学本科生团队负责人、材料物理专业的陈兆立介绍，耐高温胶接是实现高温部件制备、热防护系统安装和修补的重要途径，而目前耐高温胶多适用于陶瓷，无法适用于合金。面对航空航天日益苛刻的高温环境，研发陶瓷与合金连接用耐高温胶的需求迫在眉睫，且意义十分重大。

针对陶瓷与合金之间无法键合，理化性质尤其是热膨胀差异大而难以实现高温连接这一技术瓶颈，陈兆立带领团队，利用溶胶凝胶包覆高活性多元金属粉预制技术，改进了硅树脂基胶黏剂制备工艺，实现了合金化对耐高温胶陶瓷化进程的可控调控。通过胶层共价键与金属键的共存，解决了陶瓷与合金无法化学相容的瓶颈。同时，通过热膨胀系数可控调节，最终突破热膨胀系数差异大的壁垒，实现了热应力的有效缓和。

最终，该团队成功地研发出可为氧化锆陶瓷与钛/镍合金在室温至1100℃提供5兆帕及以上粘接强度的新型耐高温胶产品，显示出良好的高温机械性能，具有良好的热稳定性与抗氧化性。该产品还适用于钛/镍合金与氧化铝纤维布/毡、气凝胶、高温玻璃之间的连接。

据了解，目前研发产品已应用于航天材料与工艺研究所、天津大学材料学院、华中科技大学“智能制造装备与技术”全国重点实验室等多家单位的预研项目中，包括柔性传感器的搭建，隔热毡的安装等。陈兆立表示，未来该产品有望在空天飞机、高超音速民机、高超音速变轨导弹、核电站热防护、锂电池热失控防护等多领域进行应用。