News on China's scientific and technological development.

National Natural Science Foudantion of China is accepting applications for funding in the research program of 多物理场高效飞行科学基础与调控机理 [Translation?]

It is related to the national goals of "1 hour global arrival civilian air travelling/transportation" (一小时左右全球抵达高速民航) and "space-ground round trip shuttle service" (航班化天地往返运输).

It's beyond me to translate it.

多物理场高效飞行科学基础与调控机理重大研究计划
2022年度项目指南

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“多物理场高效飞行科学基础与调控机理”重大研究计划面向一小时左右全球抵达高速民航和航班化天地往返运输国家重大需求，聚焦多物理场

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高效飞行重大基础问题，通过飞行器构型连续变化，结合主动流动调控与智能控制实现飞行器跨大空域、宽速域、可重复的高效智能飞行，为航天运输系统创新发展提供理论基础与技术支撑。

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瞄准中国航天运输系统国家重大需求，提出跨域高效智能飞行新思路，面向跨域、变构、可重复飞行关键特征，建立非定常空气动力学模型，发展多物理参数实时感知与智能控制理论，突破主动热防护、变构型机构-结构设计、主动流动控制和电磁力热环境模拟与科学实验等关键技术，取得一批多物理场高效飞行原创性成果，牵引学科深度融合与创新发展，革新面向航天巨系统的智能系统工程范式，为我国未来航天运输系统提供关键理论、方法、技术和人才队伍储备，促进中国航天运输系统发展规划的顺利实施。

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本重大研究计划围绕以下三个核心科学问题开展研究：
（一）变构型材料与机构的多物理场耦合机理
揭示柔性材料-变形机构在复杂约束下热防护、变形机构与结构、刚柔耦合等机理，建立结构健康监测、耐久性与损伤容限评价新方法，满足对飞行器变构材料与机构的极限需求。
（二）跨域非稳态流动模型及调控机制
研究复杂时变边界条件下飞行器流动与飞行变形的相互作用机制，发展主动流动调控手段，实现气动特性精确预示和高效降热减阻。
（三）变构与飞行的一体化智能控制
揭示强不确定环境下飞行动力学耦合控制机理，突破跨域无缝自主导航及环境-任务自匹配的在线自主规划决策等关键技术，构建变构型与飞行器的一体化智能控制方法。

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1. 跨域变构飞行器主动热防护柔性蒙皮状态自感知方法与高效热防护实现机制
跨域变构飞行过程高温环境与飞行器大变形耦合约束下，研究具有防热、隔热功能的柔性防护蒙皮（服役时间不小于1200s、变形率不小于80%）高效主动热防护实现机制，研究蒙皮状态自感知（应变与温度状态参数感知误差不大于2%FS）方法，发展多状态参数自感知器件与主动热防护柔性蒙皮的共形与集成方法，研制具有状态参数自感知功能的主动热防护柔性蒙皮原理样机并通过地面考核实验。

2. 跨域飞行器多维度智能变构型机构系统设计理论与关键技术
探索跨域变构飞行器机翼轻质大承载（面载大于40kPa）、快响应（变形时间小于3s）、多维度（不少于三种变形能力）的智能变形机构组成原理与构型综合设计方法，开展符合机翼变形要求的智能变形机构优化设计，发展机构与柔性蒙皮协同变构设计理论、多构型状态感知与自适应驱动及控制方法，研究智能变形机构、柔性蒙皮结构与分布式驱动器多维变构型系统一体化设计理论与关键技术。

3. 跨域变构非定常高精度高效空气动力学理论模型与计算方法
研究适用于宽速域（0-25Ma）与大空域（0-100km）变构飞行器多尺度流场的广义流体动力学高阶矩理论，突破高阶矩方程非定常非结构动网格计算技术，探索跨域多尺度流动应力与速度梯度张量的非线性本构关系，揭示动边界非定常效应与跨域效应的耦合机制，完成动边界跨域非定常流动过程气动力热预测方法的风洞实验验证。

4. 跨域飞行高效气动降热减阻方法及流动动态演化机理
建立面向跨域变构高速（大于5Ma）飞行过程的飞行器大面积高效降热（壁面热流下降不小于80%）减阻（摩阻下降不小于30%）方法，突破高速非定常流场时空动态演化精细测试与气动力热原位表征技术，研究飞行器表面流动动态演化机理和流动主动调控实现机制，揭示高速飞行过程降热减阻的流动调控效能随空域、速域的演变规律。

5. 多物理场耦合下变构飞行智能规划决策与控制
建立多物理场耦合下大变构飞行的运动模型，刻画飞行器与环境相互作用下变构飞行运动特性及边界，揭示构型变化对剖面控制能力和跨域运动的影响机理。研究基于机理与数据混合驱动的飞行能力评估、构型决策、轨迹规划与制导控制理论，解决多元任务与多源干扰下在线自学习与自演进问题，实现多维连续变化条件下构型能力与任务轨迹的双闭环智能决策规划与制导控制。

6. 跨域复杂电磁环境感知与自适应信息传输
针对跨域飞行复杂环境（电子密度不小于1013cm-3量级）连续可靠通信需求，研究飞行器等离子体鞘套参数的实时高精度感知新方法；建立等离子鞘套参数实时感知和主动调控耦合模型，探索等离子流场主动调控技术；研究物理调控信道与信号空间之间的本构关系及通信机制，建立集电磁环境感知、主动调控和可靠通信协同一体的自适应信息感知与传输系统，实现飞行全程特别是可重复返回时连续可靠信息传输。

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Sincho said:

US rushes to catch up with China in supercomputer race​

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From the article:

"As a gap opens up between the two nations, the US should consider loosening its sanctions against China’s leading national supercomputing centre at Wuxi in the hope of “a deeper glimpse into these [Chinese] systems”, according to Kahaner.

his call for greater collaboration between China and the US, Kahaner said: “Access to new systems allows experimentation, which benefits all parties. To the maximum extent possible, consistent with security and fair/balanced competition, more access is better.”

My commentary:

Just who is this blooping guy kidding? They want to "access" Chinese wares so that they can STEAL the secrets just as the U.S. has done throughout the preceding millennium up to the present. The U.S. is just very creative with their English words even the passage am quoting are worded and parsed as an innocent request but we all know the intent is quite the opposite. Plus, it also shows (if what the heart of the article was stating are all true) that U.S. is beginning to be insecure with respect to their technological position over the Red Chinese.

Bellum_Romanum said:

From the article:

"As a gap opens up between the two nations, the US should consider loosening its sanctions against China’s leading national supercomputing centre at Wuxi in the hope of “a deeper glimpse into these [Chinese] systems”, according to Kahaner.

his call for greater collaboration between China and the US, Kahaner said: “Access to new systems allows experimentation, which benefits all parties. To the maximum extent possible, consistent with security and fair/balanced competition, more access is better.”

My commentary:

Just who is this blooping guy kidding? They want to "access" Chinese wares so that they can STEAL the secrets just as the U.S. has done throughout the preceding millennium up to the present. The U.S. is just very creative with their English words even the passage am quoting are worded and parsed as an innocent request but we all know the intent is quite the opposite. Plus, it also shows (if what the heart of the article was stating are all true) that U.S. is beginning to be insecure with respect to their technological position over the Red Chinese.

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And this paragraph:

Despite China’s lead in hardware, Kahaner and others point to the breadth of US capabilities as a strength, particularly when it comes to software. Half of the $3.2bn cost of the US energy department’s three exascale computers stems from a decade-long effort to write programs to run on the new computing architecture. Also, Chinese research in advanced mathematics seldom shows up in fields related to supercomputers, said Higham.

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In economy, when China wins in total quantities, they start talking about numbers per capita. Now in supercomputing, when China leads in hardware, they starts pointing to software.

Now let's look at the software then. In the last 6 years, China has won the Gordon Bell prize three times in , and . The US won it in , ETH Zurich of Swiss was the winner of . The prize is counted towards the US with 3 out of the 9 team members from China.

"Chinese research in advanced mathematics seldom shows up in fields related to supercomputers". What does this even mean? Was this guy implying that the Chinese supercomputers all run by brutal force? Hmm, why did ACM give the prizes to Chinese then?

SanWenYu said:

And this paragraph:



In economy, when China wins in total quantities, they start talking about numbers per capita. Now in supercomputing, when China leads in hardware, they starts pointing to software.

Now let's look at the software then. In the last 6 years, China has won the Gordon Bell prize three times in

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,

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and

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. The US won it in

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, ETH Zurich of Swiss was the winner of

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. The

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prize is counted towards the US with 3 out of the 9 team members from China.

"Chinese research in advanced mathematics seldom shows up in fields related to supercomputers". What does this even mean? Was this guy implying that the Chinese supercomputers all run by brutal force? Hmm, why did ACM give the prizes to Chinese then?

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Maybe he thinks 1400000000 people are doing punch cards to achieve exascale hpc

mossen said:

While the C919 project is important, it's still far from indigenous.

View attachment 88798

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For simplicity of certification which is incidentally a great tool for raising barrier to entry for many markets.

China develops superconducting magnet for world-leading MRI system



Chinese researchers made a major breakthrough by successfully developing a superconducting magnet for the world-leading magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, making China the first Asian country to possess such core technology which was mastered only by the U.S. and UK in the past.

The research on 9.4 Tesla whole-body MRI superconducting magnet was led by Chinese academician Wang Qiuliang with the Institute of Electrical Engineering under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), according to a statement published by the CAS on its website on Wednesday.


Fabrication process of the 9.4T/800mm MRI superconducting magnet. /CAS

Compared with regular 1.5T and 3.0T MRI systems generally utilized in hospitals, the 9.4T whole-body MRI system is able to produce images at a higher signal to noise and resolution ratio with faster image formation, said the statement.

Since the first human image of a 9.4T whole-body MRI system issued by the University of Minnesota in 2006, the significant advantage of 9.4T-level human MRI has strengthened people's confidence in MRI research towards ultrahigh magnetic field, said the CAS.




Cryogenic system design of the 9.4T/800mm MRI superconducting magnet. /CAS

The cutting-edge technology is recognized as a more powerful tool to explore the complex human bioinformatics and show great application potential for brain science research. It can also be used for early diagnosis of major neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and malignant tumors, according to the CAS.

With instruments and the critical parameters reaching project requirements, and gradient assembly, RF assembly, as well as spectrometer console all prepared, the superconducting magnet is now being integrated with the MRI system which is arranged for the human metabolic imaging, said the statement.

Hopefully that progress includes naval reactors for the PLAN

mossen said:

While the C919 project is important, it's still far from indigenous.

View attachment 88798

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What is the point of calling out "indigenous" thing? C919's supply line may be more vulnerable than Boeing and Airbus in case of US led hostility. But neither Boeing nor Airbus are any more indigenous, just look at Boeing 787 as an example.


So the "indigenous" thing is a political matter not a technical competence matter. I think we should stick to the technical aspect as much as possible.

Sincho said:

US rushes to catch up with China in supercomputer race​

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The article leads me to read the article about China's exascale computer

The conclusion:
Sunway exascle is 304s doing the simulation.
Google's "Quantum Supremacy" in 2019 is an hype. Simulation time in 200s, merely slightly better than a classic supercomputer.
Summit as the "TOP" dog is a sloth. Simulation time couple of days as self claimed.

It does not surprise me of today's US technology circle full of bragging, bloating and creating "new concept"without substance.

The United States may find that rivalry excessively aggravates the risks of military confrontation and the
disintegration of the US-China economic relationship and that US policy should be more respectful of and deferential to China’s accumulating power, even at the risk of changes to the current political hierarchy and security architecture in the Indo-Pacific. Such reordering may marginally diminish US economic interests, but subordination of economic and technological matters to geopolitical requirements, the immolation of the US-China economic relationship, and potential war would almost certainly be more harmful to those material interests. To be clear, this would represent a deliberate subordination of America’s geopolitical interests, as traditionally understood, to its material interests