News on China's scientific and technological development.

FairAndUnbiased

FairAndUnbiased

Brigadier
Registered Member
gadgetcool5 said:
The business sector, consisting of around 130,000 industrial companies of scale that report R&D activities,201
is now the leading source of R&D funding (76%) in China. Total business R&D spending jumped 55 times from
30 billion RMB in 1995 to nearly 1.7 trillion RMB in 2019. However, 96 percent of the business sector’s R&D
funding is intramural, directly supporting R&D performance by businesses.202 Furthermore, while contributing
to the vast majority of China’s enormous growth in total R&D expenditures over the years, the proportion of
basic and applied research conducted by the business sector has in fact declined. In 2019, only 0.3 percent of the
business sector’s R&D performance is for basic research, and applied research only accounted for 3.31%.203 In
other words, the business sector in China only devoted 3.61% to scientific research (basic and applied research) in
2019. By contrast, 21% of the R&D performed by the business sector in the United States in 2018 is for scientific research.

While China’s total R&D expenditure has skyrocketed over the past 20 years, the business sector, a
significant contributor to this growth, has been overwhelmingly focused on experimental development at the ex-
pense of scientific research. As Huawei Technologies founder and CEO Ren Zhengfei noted in a 2019 interview,
scientific research is an essential driver to Huawei’s development, and China’s tech giants such as Huawei and
Baidu have the means and resources to operate and sustain their own research academies which employ hundreds
of mathematicians, physicists, chemists, and engineers devoted to scientific research. However, he pointed out
that the large base of small and medium-sized enterprises often lack both in-house scientific research capabilities
as well as communication and cooperation channels with universities
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high spending doesn't mean high output or useful output.
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A

AndrewS

Brigadier
Registered Member
FairAndUnbiased said:
which means Chinese R&D money is likely spent effectively.
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Yes. As per OECD/Economist, the vast majority of R&D spending in China is done by companies.

And we know China has the world's most competitive and cut-throat market for goods and services.

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R&D spending in Japan back in the 1960s wasn't in basic research, but mostly in applied and practical R&D.
It wasn't until the 1980/1990s that Japan ramped up spending on basic R&D research, after it had caught up.
 
S

sndef888

Captain
Registered Member
The thing I'm looking forward to the most has to be China's future 600kmh maglev. Don't think it will be nearly as widespread as the HSR but should cover the main lines like Beijing-Shanghai, Shanghai-Chengdu, Beijing-Hong Kong. Planes for these routes will truly become redundant if for example Beijing Guangzhou can achieve around 3.5 hours.

Hopefully I can see it before I die, or 2035, whichever is earlier
 
A

AndrewS

Brigadier
Registered Member
mossen said:
Speaking of R&D money.

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That's between 2.4% to 2.5% of GDP, depending upon how you estimate the Chinese economy. South Korea and Israel are both nearly at 5%, so still plenty of space to grow left to grow, not just in absolute terms but even in a relative sense.
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South Korea and Israel are pretty small economies.

Realistically, I can see China ending up at 3.2% like Germany, Japan and the USA.
 
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