A lot of the help China provides to other countries is usually macro-level stuff like infrastructure and industries that ordinary people don't really see or think much about, and the occasional disaster relief which is usually expected from all countries so it doesn't have as much impact. But I do agree its largely the problem of marketing and the incompetence of the media that didn't give these contribution any credit.The main issue is the lack of marketing. China is doing a lot to help out other developing countries. But these positive contributions are not being promoted enough in the media. So lots of people living in those countries aren't aware of it. Meanwhile, anti-China propaganda like "debt trap", "China is taking over", etc. are blasted all over the front page and have tons of likes/retweets on social media.
The US controls all the mainstream media and won't give China any positive rep at all. And Chinese media companies haven't done a good job building a strong platform to really promote themselves. TBH, China is fighting an uphill battle in the media. The current staff in the department of publicity are not suitable for the job. They need to hire some new personnel to try a different strategy.
So the solution I suggested is creating NGOs that provides direct help/benefit to the individual or group consistently like donations, scholarship, job opportunities, healthcare, which will build good-will and reputation with the locals or people and would not need the help of media to prove its worth, overtime this would improve China's image or at least give China some footing to not let US slander very easily.
That last line of the post is my acceptance that the government don't have the administrative resources or capabilities on fixing this problem on their own. The supporters and people of China should take initiatives to foster people to people connections, to humanize the Chinese, demystify/normalize Chinese culture and to breakdown stereotypes/prejudices.
Examples of these actions like sharing translated Chinese media and fan content (like from Bilibili) to international platforms like Youtube, participating or creating events that connect communities from both sides, and getting Chinese multimedia companies to penetrate the international market, creating fanbases and communities. These little actions all count towards improving China's image in the international stage.
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